Benjamin Franklin Medal for Distinguished Public Service

1996

Edmund N. Carpenter II
In recognition of his fine intellect and love of his profession, as a lawyer of distinction in the state of Delaware, and his many contributions in politics, government, education, and the arts represent an example for all in the exercise of the responsibilities of citizenship.


1995

William T. Golden
William T. Golden exercised great leadership and wisdom during his successful campaign to make science policy a major consideration of government; his sage advice to U.S. presidents and his publications reinforced and broadened this basic contribution over many years; and his public service also encompasses effective support of education, the aged and infirm, and the environment.


1994

Linus Pauling
Linus Pauling promoted significant improvements in public health by revealing major insights into proteins, Sickle Cell Anemia, and nutrition, and this recipient of a Presidential Medal 'for exceptional conduct' became an effective spokesman for civil liberties, courageously opposed serious challenges to free speech and academic freedom, and campaigned against war as a means of solving conflicts. In recognition of an inspiring career which demonstrates the value of a brilliant mind, boundless energy, and extraordinary courage expended for the betterment of all.


1993

Walter H. Annenberg
With vision and energy, Walter H. Annenberg improved dissemination of knowledge through major publications, establishment of schools of communication, and promotion of public television; guided diplomatic relations with an important American ally; provided a distinguished art collection for public enjoyment; and promoted cultural, educational, and medical institutions.


1992

Thurgood Marshall
In recognition of Thurgood Marshall who used his formidable legal skills to end the evils of discrimination and bring about a society in which "equal protection of the laws" could be a reality; became one of our century's legal giants during twenty-four years on the Supreme Court where he played a crucial role in enforcing the Constitutional protections that distinguish our democracy; and established an enviable record of opinions supporting the rights of the less powerful and the less fortunate.


1989

Paul Mellon
With cultivated taste, discerning eye, and sound judgment, Paul Mellon has dedicated his life to the identification, preservation, presentation, and patronage of a wide array of achievements in the fine arts, history, literature, and philosophy, and thus become a model of a private man dedicated to public service.


1988

Thomas J. Watson, Jr.
The forceful and dynamic leadership of Thomas J. Watson, Jr., has moved the IBM Corporation into the computer field and underlay the longest and most extraordinary growth in modern buisness history, and his insightful efforts have encouraged progress in reducing the threat of nuclear weapons to world peace.

Warren Earl Burger
The leadership role of Warren Burger has improved the administration of the Supreme Court and federal courts throughout the land, and his excellent presentation to the public of the problems confronting the judiciary as well as the importance of the Constitution have greatly benefited the United States.


1987

Margaret Thatcher
Margaret Thatcher's accomplishments have strengthened a vital western power by guiding Great Britain's economic recovery, by effectively asserting the nation's role in the international community, and by enhancing domestic stability as the first Prime Minister in modern British history elected to three consecutive terms.