contains the incoming and outgoing manuscript, typescript, and carbon letters, transcripts of telephone conversations, telegrams, and postcards generated during Smyth's career. The series is arranged alphabetically by correspondent, corporate, or subject name and then chronologically within each file. This professional correspondence constitutes the most voluminous series of the Smyth Papers.

These files do not contain correspondence exclusively. Essays, short papers or abstracts, photographs, reports, minutes, and photocopies of newspaper clippings remain throughout Series I with the accompanying correspondence. Cross referencing exists for files which contain letters generated by writers other than the primary correspondent listed as the folder title. These materials usually appear in the form of carbon copies which were enclosed with letters sent to Smyth by the individual who appears as the folder title. Names of correspondents whose carbon copies, papers, or reports are filed in this manner are listed on the outside of the primary correspondent's folder (folder #1 if multiple folders exist per name). For the most part, these listings reflect the physical order in which the material appears throughout the folder(s). Complete cross referencing for these items has been incorporated on the container list.

Smyth's correspondents include colleagues from Princeton University, fellow scientists from institutions around the country, government officials, associates from the U.S. AEC and the IAEA, officers of various professional and honorary scientific societies, administrators of businesses and corporations concerned with the uses of atomic energy, fans and critics of the Smyth Report, journalists, publishers, and historians. Correspondence is filed mainly by personal name, although there is a significant portion of material in Series I which has been organized under corporate or subject name. This most often occurs in cases where Smyth collected correspondence and related materials dealing with specific events and organizations rather than separating it by individual correspondents' names. These topical files remain intact as arranged by Smyth primarily because the related correspondence appears more valuable when maintained under the original heading assigned by Smyth. Individual correspondents in such files are listed on the outside of the folders and cross referenced on the container list. Examples of these types of subject files containing various correspondents include Smyth's "invitations to join/speak," the "American Physical Society," and the "Oppenheimer security clearance." These files have been placed in Series I rather than with the other subject files of Series II because they are almost entirely correspondence.

The correspondence files primarily chronicle Smyth's involvements with Princeton University, the Smyth Report, the U.S. AEC, and the IAEA. The bulk of this material dates from 1944 to 1970, during his most active career years. Throughout this period, Smyth was continuously involved with the Princeton University physics department. A considerable amount of administrative correspondence generated throughout Smyth's tenure at Princeton is located in Series I under the names of various university officials, professors, and administrators. The development of the Princeton physics program in the twentieth century is documented through much of these memoranda, letters, and transcripts of telephone conversations. Perhaps the most valuable of this Princeton related correspondence dates from 1940 through 1945, reflecting the university's Manhattan Project research focusing on the production of an atomic bomb.

Researchers should note that correspondence dealing with the writing and editing of the Smyth Report is mainly located in Series V, Smyth Report. This correspondence appears to have been filed by Smyth with related materials (i.e., notes, draft manuscripts, early printings) for several reasons. His primary intent appears to have been continuity; the correspondence discussing his work on the Smyth Report often refers to specific drafts, now also filed in Series V. These letters were also often classified "Secret" and "Top Secret" along with his various manuscript versions from 1944 through 1945. These materials remained together over the years while in Smyth's possession, periodically undergoing review for declassification as a group by the U.S. AEC. For these reasons, as well as the fact that Smyth meticulously arranged Series V himself, the correspondence dealing with the Smyth Report has been maintained in its original order and assigned to this separate series. Cross referencing has been done for correspondents who appear in Series V, Smyth Report; the existence of letters in Series V has been noted under the appropriate correspondent's name in the Series I section of the container list.

While it is recommended that researchers interested in correspondence dealing with the Smyth Report see Series V, it should be noted that a certain amount of this correspondence does exist in Series I as well. In many cases, these letters deal with comments, criticisms, and corrections to the first edition of the Smyth Report in 1945. Any correspondence of this nature has been identified in the "Notes" column of the container list.

Smyth's term as a commissioner to the U.S. AEC from 1949 through 1954 produced correspondence focusing on the peaceful uses of nuclear power, continued U.S. research in the field of nuclear energy, and the internal politics and administration of the AEC. For the most part, AEC related correspondence is dispersed throughout Series I, filed under correspondent's name. The most significant correspondence dealing with Smyth's involvement with the AEC is filed with the subject heading "Oppenheimer security clearance." Five folders contain letters sent from colleagues in the science community across the country, voicing their support for Oppenheimer, outrage at the actions of the AEC, and agreement with Smyth's dissenting opinion. Also located in these folders is much of the preliminary correspondence between Smyth, Lewis R. Strauss, and their fellow commissioners as the Oppenheimer investigation unfolded.

Smyth's involvement with the Edison Electric Institute's Technical Appraisal Task Force is thoroughly documented in thirteen correspondence files which span nearly three boxes of Series I. The Task Force material appears in the form of agendas, reports, and minutes enclosed with correspondence. These letters and documents comprise one of the largest corporate files of Series I; much of the material discusses the development of nuclear power and the construction of reactors in the United States from ca. 1956 to 1960. Another large corporate file holds the correspondence, reports, and minutes of the Universities Research Association, Inc. Fifteen folders record the development of high-energy accelerators in laboratories across the U.S. from 1964 to 1979.

Other significant correspondence files record Smyth's work as consultant to the Joint Congressional Committee on Atomic Energy. Letters with accompanying reports, press releases, statements, and testimonies before the committee are located in ten correspondence folders of Series I. Most of this material focuses on the development of a federal program to promote nuclear reactors in the U.S. during the late 1950s.

Correspondence dealing with Smyth's years as U.S. Representative to the IAEA is generally filed by individual correspondent's name. Some of the most notable correspondents of Series I involved with the IAEA are Sigvard Eklund and Richard Tolman. The files of these IAEA correspondents and many others offer material which records the development of nuclear safeguards and the Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) of 1970.

Overall, perhaps the most historically valuable correspondence of Series I deals with Smyth's work for the Manhattan District during World War II. Besides the detail-rich letters and documents found in Series V which focus on Smyth's technical history of the development of the atomic bomb, there is a significant amount of similar correspondence in the files of Series I. Other than identifying correspondents in Series I who were also involved with the Manhattan Project, researchers will find much of this material through the "Notes" column of the container list where comments identify OSRD and NDRC related documents.

Among Smyth's most notable correspondents are:

1. Hans A. Bethe
2. Norris E. Bradbury
3. George A. Brakeley
4. Gregory Breit
5. Lyman J. Briggs
6. Vannevar Bush
7. W. Sterling Cole
8. Arthur H. Compton
9. Karl Compton
10. James B. Conant
11. Edward U. Condon
12. Gordon Dean
13. Lee A. DuBridge
14. Albert Einstein
15. Dwight D. Eisenhower
16. Enrico Fermi
17. Richard P. Feynman
18. T. Keith Glennan
19. Leslie R. Groves
20. Hubert H. Humphrey
21. Lyndon B. Johnson
22. John F. Kennedy
23. Richard M. Nixon
24. J. Robert Oppenheimer
25. Linus Pauling
26. I. I. Rabi
27. Ronald Reagan
28. Franklin D. Roosevelt
29. Dean Rusk
30. Ernest B. Rutherford
31. George Schultz
32. Glenn T. Seaborg
33. Emilio Segrè
34. Lewis L. Strauss
35. Leo Szilard
36. Richard C. Tolman
37. Harry S. Truman
38. Harold C. Urey
39. John Von Neumann
40. Kurt Waldheim
41. Victor F. Weisskopf
42. John A. Wheeler
43. Eugene P. Wigner

contains a variety of materials dating from Smyth's high school days at the Lawrenceville School through the end of his life. The series is arranged alphabetically by subject. Those subject files primarily comprised of correspondence have been placed in Series I. All other subject files contain diverse materials which may include correspondence, minutes, reports, invitations, notes, clippings, inventories, posters and photographs.

Many of the subject files reflect Smyth's participation in scientific and learned societies, and events in the scientific community. Material on the Atomic Energy Commission and the International Atomic Energy Agency is located in Series III and Series IV, respectively. The range of subjects in this series includes: Brookhaven National Laboratory; reactions to The Hydrogen Bomb by Blair and Shepley; the Edward U. Condon case before the House Un-American Activities Committee; study group reports by the Council on Foreign Relations; high energy physics policy statements; and the Manhattan Project (S-1, NDRC, uranium notes and data).

In addition, Smyth's Princeton University activities account for a large portion of this series. Material relating to the Smyth Report has been included in this series with three exceptions: loose correspondence which was placed in Series I; four lithoprint copies of the report which were placed in Series IX; and the bulk of Smyth's working drafts, notes, and correspondence which, in their original order, make up Series V.

contains material having to do with the AEC's activity from the time of Smyth's appointment as commissioner through the establishment of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission in 1975. The series includes correspondence, minutes, reports, agreements, programs, press releases, policy statements, notes, and drafts. The scope of topics covered includes: the Idaho reactor accident, corrections to an article on Oppenheimer, the civilian power reactor program and thermonuclear weapons. Also of interest are the program booklets for Operations Greenhouse and Castle, which were nuclear testing missions, as well as Lewis L. Strauss' confirmation hearings to become AEC Chairman.

contains correspondence, reports, calendars, invitations, press releases, photographs, information circulars, and other miscellaneous documents acquired by Smyth during and after his work for the IAEA as U.S. Ambassador. The bulk of the IAEA related material dates from the 1960s, during Smyth's most active years in association with this organization. The IAEA subject files are arranged alphabetically within the series and then chronologically within each folder.

Correspondence is generally found within subject files containing a variety of items, such as reports, meeting agendas, and miscellaneous committee business. All correspondents throughout the IAEA subject files are listed on the outside of folders (folder #1 in cases of multiple folders per subject) and are cross referenced to Series I, Professional Correspondence.

Most of the larger subject files, consisting of multiple folders, pertain to the IAEA annual General Conference and the Board of Governors. These files contain reports which follow a chronological arrangement; each type of report has been assigned a detailed numbering system which has been reproduced as folder titles (i.e., Board of Governors/COM.8/OR.29-COM.18/OR.5). Short descriptions of each type of report are available in the "Notes" column of the container list. While the folders containing these documents are extensive, researchers should note that they are not always complete; in some cases, a gap in the chronological arrangement exists, with reports missing from the consecutive numbering system.

Other subject files document a variety of IAEA concerns and projects. Material dealing with nuclear safeguards, the Nonproliferation Treaty (1970), the Tarapur Project (1962-63), the Atoms for Peace Conferences (1958; 1964), and the International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste (1963-68) is located throughout Series IV. These files often contain meeting agendas and minutes, reports, and correspondence.

contains material consulted and generated by Smyth while preparing for the publication of Atomic Energy for Military Purposes, 1945 (the Smyth Report). This series houses some of the most noteworthy documents of the Smyth Papers. Correspondence, notes, drafts, and early printed versions of Smyth's authoritative book on the Manhattan Project provide a detailed record of his preliminary research and writings. Much of this preparatory material as well as the final drafts of Smyth's report on the technical aspects of the atomic bomb remained classified until its official release by the U.S. government in August of 1945. For this reason, nearly all of the documents of Series V bear original "Secret" and "Top Secret" stamps, which have since been marked declassified by the U.S. AEC.

Many of the various formats of Smyth Report material (i.e., correspondence, notes, manuscripts) are related in several ways. Researchers should note that Series V is retained in its original order, as arranged by Smyth during his lifetime. Often these documents contain specific references to each other, which appears to be Smyth's primary reason for maintaining a detailed inventory and separate storage system for his Smyth Report material. Also, these documents periodically underwent classification review by the AEC as a group and were downgraded to "Unclassified" in parts. Since these materials remained together over the years for a variety of reasons, they have been retained in their original order rather than separated by format and filed into other series.

The container list for this series reflects the order of brown envelopes and a "red box" arranged by Smyth (see the first folder of Series V, Box #1 for HDS manuscript "Contents of brown envelopes in third drawer of five drawer file"). The original envelopes and "red box" have been discarded, with their contents transferred to acid-free folders and placed in the standard size archival boxes used throughout the Smyth collection. Researchers will find that any notation from these original envelopes has been photocopied and placed at the front of Folder #1 for each envelope. As Smyth's table of contents and the subsequent container list will show, the documents of Series V generally follow a chronological arrangement, with the bulk of the material dating from 1944-1945.

The Series V portion of the container list follows the same basic format as the rest of the Smyth Papers series, with the exception of occasional areas of text. This text appears in bold at the beginning of each numbered "envelope" and duplicates the manuscript notes written by Smyth in his table of contents. These notes are transcribed exactly as written by Smyth, with occasional additions in brackets for further explanation. Researchers should see the photocopy of the original envelope front, located in the first folder for each envelope, for further manuscript notes by Smyth. Each area of text describing the general contents of an envelope is followed by a container list which duplicates the arrangement of the folders in Box #1-4. Detailed listings of the pagination (i.e., I-1 to 7 refers to Chapter I, pages 1 to 7) for each folder also appears on the container list.

The first envelopes (1, 1a, 1b) contained material used in preparation of the report and are organized alphabetically by personal name or subject heading. This includes correspondence, Smyth's manuscript and typescript notes on meetings, conversations, and research notebooks, short essays, papers, and graphs. Correspondence is the most prevalent format throughout these first envelopes, consisting of manuscript, typescript, and carbon letters from military personnel and scientists who provided Smyth with background information on the history and development of the U.S. atomic bomb program. Other correspondence from scientific colleagues at laboratories across the U.S. offer comments, criticism, and early editing of various draft versions before release to the public.

Researchers should be aware that all correspondents filed in Series V have been cross referenced to Series I, Professional Correspondence. While a significant portion of correspondence relating to the Smyth Report is found in Series V, similar correspondence is also found in Series I. Although Smyth did separate much of the Smyth Report correspondence from his other professional correspondence files, some was not pulled and set aside with other Smyth Report materials. This related correspondence is identified in Series I in the "Notes" column of the container list.

The next group of envelopes (2-15) contains drafts of chapters I-XIII in manuscript and typescript form. These drafts are arranged by chapter, often containing various versions with extensive manuscript notes and changes made by Smyth and colleagues he asked to edit his work. Notes mainly appear within the text or in the columns, although an occasional page of notes will be filed within the pages of the draft itself. Complete typescript carbon copies of the Smyth Report (in his notes Smyth indicates these were originally bound) which contain similar editing on the pages are located in later envelopes (23-25).

Seven complete mimeograph versions of the Smyth Report, copies #10, 18, 16, 19, 20, 21, 22, are located in Series V (envelopes 17-19 and the "red box" at the end of the arrangement). The pages of these mimeograph versions are printed front to back, with many manuscript notes by Smyth throughout the text. Researchers should see Series IX, Reprints, Journals, and Publications for the offprint from The Princeton University Library Chronicle, Volume XXXVII, Number 3, Spring 1976. This will provide a detailed description of the mimeograph version as well as other printed versions and editions of the Smyth Report.

Four complete lithoprint versions of the Smyth Report are also located in Series IX, Reprints, Journals, and Publications. As these early printings were not part of Smyth's original arrangement, they have been housed with similar formats found in Series IX. While there is a certain amount of related Smyth Report material dispersed throughout the rest of the collection, as in the case of these lithoprint versions, only those documents which were a part of Smyth's original table of contents are filed in Series V. Lithoprint versions immediately preceded the Princeton University Press first edition of September, 1945. Researchers who are interested in the printed versions of the Smyth Report before this first edition should see the lithoprints of Series IX.

When comparing the container list to Smyth's original table of contents, researchers will note that several numbered envelopes have been labeled "missing." Detailed information on these envelopes is located in the first three folders of Box 1. The missing envelopes apparently contained documents which remained classified over the years. These materials remained at Princeton University's Forrestal Laboratory until 1983. At that time, the U.S. AEC determined that the lab no longer met appropriate security requirements, and Smyth made arrangements to have the classified documents transferred to the custody of the Department of Energy History Division in Washington, D.C. As these documents are declassified, they will be sent to the American Philosophical Library. (For further information on the classification status of these materials, consult the Manuscripts Librarian.)

All of the originally classified information on the development of the atomic bomb in Series V has been declassified after undergoing review by the AEC in 1961 and 1970. Stamps on documents throughout the series indicate the date declassification was granted. Besides providing a history of the writing of the Smyth Report, this series is also valuable as a record of the release of technical information on the building of the atomic bomb. Careful reading of comments and marginalia on drafts of the report reveals what information was originally censored in 1944-45 and when this material was later declassified.

consists of notes, outlines, abstracts, autograph manuscript and typescript drafts, and final printed transcripts divided into two subseries. Speeches given by Smyth are arranged alphabetically by title in Subseries A (Boxes 1-4) and date from 1945 through 1980. The bulk of this material was produced in mid-career (1950s-1960s), while Smyth was involved with the U.S. AEC and IAEA. As the inclusive dates for this subseries show, Smyth was asked by many professional and honorary societies, clubs, and scientific organizations to speak to their groups after his involvement in documenting the history of the Manhattan Project was revealed with the release of the Smyth Report in 1945. Topics of these speeches generally focus on the development and peaceful uses of atomic energy, including the history of nuclear bombs, reactors, and safeguards. As a nationally recognized authority on such subjects, Smyth was often asked to prepare statements for testimony before United States congressional committees; these transcripts are located in Subseries A as well. The most prominent format throughout this material is Smyth's manuscript drafts, often appearing in a number of revisions. Several of Smyth's speeches were reprinted in scientific journals and popular magazines; copies of these reprints have been filed with their original manuscript versions.

Speeches and testimonies of Smyth's colleagues are arranged alphabetically by author's name (then alphabetically by title if more than one speech exists) in Subseries B (Boxes 5-6). These materials are dated 1945 through 1987, the most recent being the transcript of a " Memorial service in thanksgiving for the life of Henry DeWolf Smyth." Many of these speeches by colleagues in the scientific community and the government offices of the U.S. AEC and the IAEA were given during the 1950s and focus on similar topics to Smyth's speeches from the same period. For this reason, the material of Subseries B compliments much of Smyth's work in Subseries A. Speeches by colleagues were collected by Smyth and often deal with issues involving nuclear power and proliferation. They usually appear in the form of transcripts which were sent to Smyth by the authors after they were given before an audience.

contains notes, outlines, reviews, and autograph and typescript drafts generated by Smyth during his years of involvement with Princeton University, the National Defense Research Committee (NDRC), and the Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD). Writings are arranged alphabetically by title. The earliest material in this series is Smyth's 1914 high school paper entitled "Sea power in the American Revolution."

Of interest are two chapters of his autobiography which concern his childhood and some of his experiences in World War II. A large number of items are draft reports for the NDRC and the OSRD, some of which concern the peacetime plans for the Development of Substitute Materials (DSM). There is a draft history of the preparation of the Smyth Report and many drafts having to do with secrecy. The latest material in the series consists of his 1974 drafts, notes and correspondence on the "History of the H-Bomb."

contains autograph and typescript drafts, notes, outlines and printers' proofs. Relevant correspondence having to do with some items has been kept in this series when appropriate. Some items have both Smyth's marginalia and that of other editors. The earliest piece in this series is Smyth's 1919 paper "Radiating Potentials of Nitrogen." Perhaps the most important writings in this series are the drafts of Smyth's "Dissenting Opinion...in the Matter of J. Robert Oppenheimer." The early drafts bear little resemblance to the final of this statement which includes revisions throughout the day and night of 29 June 1954. Also significant are the drafts of "The Need for International Safeguards" which discuss the role of safeguards in inhibiting the spread of nuclear weapons in the context of the Nonproliferation Treaty. The most recent items in the series are the drafts of "The `Smyth Report,' " a history which was published in the Princeton University Library Chronicle.

contains reprints, reports, journal issues, photocopies and typescripts of scientific papers, and reviews prepared by Smyth's colleagues. Notes, data and abstracts of these papers are included as well. The series is organized alphabetically by author name, or by title when the author is unknown. Smyth's reprints appear in this series rather than with his manuscripts of published works (Series VIII). Complete journal issues have been treated in one of two ways: if the article of interest to Smyth was indicated, the issue was entered under the article's author; if no article was marked or the entire issue seemed to be of interest, the issue was entered under the journal title.

The principal subjects covered in this series are ionization, atomic energy and its uses, proliferation of nuclear weapons, and the Oppenheimer security clearance case. Of special interest is Smyth's collection of OSRD reports (Office of Scientific Research and Development) which are organized by author name. These include papers written during the Manhattan Project by such scientists as Richard Feynman, and Robert R. Wilson. For a complete list of OSRD reports see Series II, General Subject Files under " Princeton University. OSRD Project SSRC-5. Contract OEMsr-297".

is divided into two subseries and contains graphs, unbound loose notes, notebooks, data books, and research papers. Material is arranged chronologically with the physical description (i.e. "graphs") and subject (if known) as folder headings. Series X is primarily of interest as a record of Smyth's early research in physics and for examples of courses he taught at Princeton University. The entire series contains only a small portion of Smyth's scientific notes taken as a student and given as a professor. Only materials relating to his studies and teaching at Princeton University have been preserved by Smyth; notes involving Smyth's research at Cambridge do not exist in this collection.

Scientific class notes taken by Smyth as an undergraduate student at Princeton are located in Subseries A (Box 1) and date from 1916 through 1919. Folders are entitled with references such as "Mechanics Problems" and "Senior Experimental Physics." Material dating from 1919 appears to relate to Smyth's independent research on nitrogen with Professor Karl Compton of the Princeton physics department after he received an A.B. in 1918 but before he entered his masters program.

Subseries B (Box 2) holds Smyth's notes prepared for physics courses he taught at Princeton from 1927 through 1935. These materials take the form of lecture and experiment notes and are often referred to by course title (i.e. "Physics 109"). Researchers should note that Subseries B only provides a small sampling of his teaching at Princeton; unfortunately, a greater portion of his preparatory course material was not preserved.

Contains the typescript and manuscript letters, carbon copies, postcards, and telegrams generated between Smyth and his family members and friends throughout his lifetime. Materials are arranged alphabetically by correspondent's name and then chronologically within each file. A major portion of this personal correspondence dates during the 1920s, when Smyth was traveling and studying abroad as a young man. Another significant group of correspondence in this series is dated 1945; these letters are primarily congratulatory notes from friends and family to Smyth after his work with the Manhattan Project and the Smyth Report was revealed to the public.

The bulk of Smyth's personal correspondence involves his family members. A letter from Smyth as a child in 1902 to his grandfather, [?] Phelps, is the earliest piece of this series as well as the first manuscript in the Smyth Papers bearing his signature. Dictated to and typed by his paternal grandfather, Charles H. Smyth, this charming letter describes the ponies, canal boats, trains, and trollies seen by Smyth at age three; unable to sign his name at this young age, Smyth places an "X" besides his typed name.

The most noteworthy family letters in this series are written by Smyth to his parents while studying for a Ph.D. at Cambridge University (1921-1923) and as a Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellow in GC6ttingen (1931-1932). A postcard to his father dated 1922 displays the Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge, where Smyth studied under Ernest Rutherford. These manuscripts contain extensive descriptive information regarding Smyth's research and travels in Europe. Researchers should note that these materials are filed as " Smyth, Charles H., Jr. and Ruth Anne (Phelps)" in eight chronologically arranged folders.

Other family correspondence of interest is filed under " Smyth, Charles P." These are letters of condolence received by Smyth's elder brother after his death in 1986. Mainly from colleagues and close friends, the letters are addressed to Smyth's brother Charles and are therefore filed with his correspondence. Friends who were also professional correspondents with Smyth have been cross referenced to their primary folders in Series I.

Personal correspondence involving Smyth's friends is primarily dated from the earlier part of the twentieth century. Correspondence between Smyth and close friends later in his career usually involves colleagues and associates; therefore, these manuscripts have been filed with the professional correspondence of Series I. Letters from friends he met during his travels abroad and across the United States as a young man remain with the personal correspondence of Series XI.

consists of correspondence (Subseries A, Boxes 1-4) and diaries (Subseries B, Boxes 5-8) maintained by Smyth's wife throughout their courtship and marriage. Letters from Henry Smyth to his wife have been filed in this series instead of with his personal correspondence of Series XI. This was done primarily because these manuscripts were stored with Mary Smyth's letters to her husband and appeared to have been preserved and arranged by her after their marriage. All other correspondence in the papers of Series XII consists of incoming letters received by Mary Smyth or copies of her outgoing letters. The earliest piece of this series is a letter from Smyth to Mary de Coningh dated 1928 in which he refers to their recent meeting in Europe.

Mary de Coningh Smyth was born in Chicago, Illinois to Lucy and Frederick de Coningh on New Year's Eve, 1904. She was raised with her two brothers, Peter C. and Edward Hurlburt de Coningh, in "one of the old houses" on the prosperous south side of Chicago (see Series II, General Subject Files under wedding announcement). After preparing at the Faulkner School for Smith College, she attended Smith in Massachusetts for four years and was graduated in 1926. Upon completion of her degree, Mary de Coningh spent several years traveling and studying abroad, including some work at the Sorbonne in Paris. During these early years in Europe, she started a career in journalism and worked on a newspaper in Geneva, Switzerland. It appears from her initial correspondence with Smyth that it was at this time they made their first acquaintance and began an approximately eight year-long friendship/courtship.

After her marriage, Mary Smyth applied the skills which she had developed in her own profession to managing her husband's career as a prominent Princeton University physics professor and department head, statesman, and historian. She often acted as his personal secretary, editor, and writing associate. Besides providing intellectual support to Smyth's career, she appears to have been solely responsible for the maintenance, both physical and financial, of their homes in Princeton and Washington, D.C.

Subseries A holds four boxes of correspondence generated and collected by Mary Smyth for the near fifty years she was associated with Henry Smyth. Correspondence exists in the form of incoming and outgoing manuscript and typescript letters, carbon and handwritten copies, telegrams, and cards. It is organized alphabetically by correspondent's name and then chronologically within each file.

The most significant run of correspondence in this series consists of letters written between Henry and Mary Smyth. The bulk of this material dates between 1928 and 1936, documenting the years of their courtship. Much of this correspondence refers to Smyth's early research and teaching in the Princeton University physics department as well as Mary Smyth's work with the Chicago Council on Foreign Relations. Although correspondence between husband and wife after their marriage does exist, it is not nearly as regular and extensive. Obviously, their long distance relationship between Chicago and Princeton required much more written correspondence.

This personal correspondence between Mary Smyth and her husband has been filed within this series under " Smyth," with letters from Henry Smyth to Mary Smyth arranged first, and Mary Smyth to Henry Smyth second. This was done primarily because Smyth's letters to his fiancée and wife start at an earlier date. All correspondence between the two which has been preserved ends in 1976. It should also be noted by researchers that this personal correspondence is not always fully dated, carrying only notations such as "Monday evening." For this reason, readers should take extreme care to maintain the original order of the letters as they appear in each folder. These manuscripts were left in the same order they were found and labeled; as their text appears to follow a general chronological order, no attempt has been made to reorder these files.

Other correspondents of Subseries A mainly include family members and friends, although there is also a small amount of material relating to Mary Smyth's duties as personal secretary to her husband. Many personal, family-related matters are discussed in letters to and from her brother Edward ("Edro") de Coningh. Mary Smyth's involvements in local Princeton politics and culture are reflected in her correspondence as well; several folders containing material relating to her work as secretary to the New Jersey Adlai Stevenson for President Committee (1956) and her patronage of the McCarter Theatre for the Performing Arts of Princeton University (1961-1973) document such activities. Occasional correspondence between Mary Smyth and her husband's colleagues and their wives provides a limited view of the Smyths' social life. Descriptive entries in her diaries offer a much more detailed look at their socializing in Princeton and Washington, D.C.

The diaries of Subseries B offer extensive personal and historical information relating to the Smyth marriage and Henry Smyth's career. Field in four boxes, these bound volumes are arranged chronologically by year. Starting in 1935 and ending in 1970, Mary Smyth chronicles her marriage in three entries per day; morning, afternoon, and evening notes record her chores, pastimes, emotions, illnesses, appointments, travels, and social events. Entries often provide detailed information regarding her husband's scientific work and government involvements; as such, they offer some of the most accurate and insightful documentation of Henry Smyth's career found in the Smyth Papers. Both Smyth and his wife recognized the historical significance of these volumes, as they both often used them to verify dates of important meetings, letters written and received, drafts of speeches and manuscripts prepared for publication, telephone calls, etc.

Mary Smyth's dedicated support of her husband's career is fully illustrated throughout her diaries. As mentioned earlier, she often worked as his personal secretary at home, writing and typing letters and manuscripts. Many materials throughout the Smyth Papers bear her handwriting and edits; Mrs. Smyth's diary entries record the amount of time spent on this work and provide much insight into Henry Smyth's thoughts and concerns when collaborating with his wife. Probably the most significant instance of this occurs in the 1954 diary, in which Mrs. Smyth documents her day by day involvement with Henry Smyth and his U.S. AEC assistants, Clark Vogel and Philip Farley, on the Oppenheimer dissenting opinion. Comments on their progress as entered in the diary are further illustrated by manuscript drafts of the "Dissenting opinion of Henry DeWolf Smyth in the matter of J. Robert Oppenheimer [in U.S. AEC "Statement by the AEC"]" filed in Series VIII with manuscripts of published works.

The diaries of Subseries B also illustrate Mary Smyth's management of their homes in Princeton, New Jersey and Washington, D.C. Many entries refer to her handling of household related finances and supervision of employees. Mrs. Smyth was also responsible for planning all social events held in their homes. Diaries hold much detailed information regarding their cocktail parties and dinners, including lists of invited guests (noting those who actually attended), menus, and her personal comments on the following day. These social gatherings were often for pleasure, including close friends and colleagues of Henry Smyth. It does appear that some events were organized primarily for U.S. AEC, IAEA, or Princeton University physics department associates.

is composed of Smyth's newspaper and magazine clippings, some of which are arranged in scrapbooks, and a few complete newspapers. The bulk of the material covers activities from 1945 to 1954. During this period Smyth collected in many areas, most notably the social and political impact of the atomic bomb, the J. Robert Oppenheimer security clearance case, and the nomination of Lewis L. Strauss for Secretary of Commerce. The atomic bomb scrapbook is arranged chronologically and begins with the reports on Hiroshima from 6 August 1945. It also covers the release of the "Smyth Report" and its reception by the public.

Smyth's clippings regarding the Oppenheimer case are extensive. They reflect the diversity of opinion in the country and document Smyth's public response to the case. The clippings on the Oppenheimer case, and perhaps other subjects as well, were in large part collected by Mary Smyth (see HDS letter to Templeton Peck, 22 Apr. 1963, Series I). The press accounts of the Strauss hearing discuss many issues involving the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. The clippings illustrate Strauss' public image, or, at least, the public's opinion of him.

For purposes of conservation, all newspaper clippings, with the exception of the scrapbooks, have been photocopied onto acid free paper. The scrapbooks have been left intact and will be microfilmed; they are stored with the oversized materials at the end of the collection.

contains black and white photographs in various sizes which are organized alphabetically by subject or last name and then chronologically within each file; unidentified material is filed as "unknown." The majority of photographs measure 8x10" or smaller; for the most part, they are filed within two standard size boxes. Larger formats are located in oversize storage and follow the same arrangement as noted above. The earliest image of this series dates 18 December 1885 and depicts Smyth's father, Charles Henry Smyth, Jr., with his 1888 class of chemists and metallurgists at the Columbia College School of Mines. A 1983 photograph of the [Princeton University?] physics faculty and research staff with an elderly Smyth in the front row appears to be the most recent image in Series XIV.

Photographs are those of Smyth, family members, professional associates, events, and places. Smyth's portraits, individual, and group photographs are organized into three folders. As many of his photographs remain undated, these folders have been arranged by Smyth's approximate age. Fortunately, quite a few of Smyth's portraits from infancy through early childhood (often with his elder brother, Charles Phelps Smyth) have been preserved; these date from ca. 1898 through 1905 and depict his early years in birthplace Clinton, New York, to his first year in Princeton, New Jersey at the age of seven. This series is particularly strong as a visual record of Smyth and de Coningh family members. Many of these images were removed from a large folder carrying Mary de Coningh Smyth's monogram.

Series XIV offers a wide range of interesting images which relate to significant events in Smyth's lifetime. An early group photograph of the Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge University ca. 1922 contains Smyth as a young student as well as colleagues Ernest Rutherford and J. J. Thomson. Other group photographs of note include those involving U.S. AEC and IAEA members, as well as those filed with "Smyth family portraits." The latter folder contains a formal portrait of Henry DeWolf Smyth with father and brother in academic gowns. Throughout Series XIV, individuals who have been identified in group photographs are listed on the outside of folders and are cross-referenced on folders filed under their names as well.

contains a variety of miscellaneous items collected by Smyth during his lifetime and is arranged alphabetically by folder heading. One of the smallest series of the collection, it mainly holds material relating to significant honors and events of Smyth's life and his travels while involved with the IAEA. Two of the most interesting pieces of memorabilia in this series are Smyth's photo I.D. badges used while involved with the Manhattan Project (dated 1944) and Operation Castle (an atomic test at Eniwetok Proving Ground on the Marshall Islands in the winter of 1954).

A portion of the memorabilia consists of documents received at various points in Smyth's education, such as an early Lawrenceville School diploma and Princeton University A.B., A.M., and Ph.D diplomas. Other important items of this nature include certificates of membership for various honorary and professional societies as well as certificates received for his participation in nuclear weapons research and testing. Certificates and medals relating to honors such as Smyth's Atoms for Peace Award (1968) and the Nuclear Statesman Award (1972) are also a part of this series. All medals are stored in the Vault; cross references on folders in the box and the container list direct researchers to request these materials from the Manuscript Librarian.

There is some memorabilia relating to Smyth's travels which dates from his studies at Cambridge University in 1921 through his later years with the IAEA in Vienna. Various maps and tour books can be located in this series, as well as a collection of blank postcards.