Thomas H. Court. Collection on microscopes and other optical instruments, 1377-1935

Mss.509.078.M582

Date: 1377-1935 | Size: 4 Linear feet

Abstract

This collection was assembled by Court and was partly used in the book, "The History of the Microscope" (with Reginald S. Clay, London, 1932). There is historical correspondence (including some by Court), documents, broadsides, and photographs, concerning microscopes and instruments. This includes material on Joseph Bonomi, James Epps, John Lee, Edward Nairne, and others. There is significant material on Cornelius Varley: account book, autobiographical sketch, watercolors and sketches, etc. This collection also contains a large number of deeds pertaining to the property of John Lee (1783-1866), Fellow of the Royal Society and an amateur astronomer. In addition, there are about 300 pamphlets, including early trade and auction catalogs, used by Court for his research.

Background note

Thomas H. Court was a collector/dealer and amateur historian of microscopic equipment. He acted as agent for private persons and institutions and together with R.C. Clay, contributed to the Science Museum, South Kensington, London (now the Victoria and Albert museum) collection.

Scope and content

Highlights of the collection include original botanical and instrument watercolors and drawings by Cornelius Varley.Botanical drawings of Charas Vulgaris are produced while using his vial microscope. Published in Microscopic Society, January 1849, Volume 2, page 93. There is an autobiographical manuscript by C. Varley written in 1859 that details his exposure to science through his uncle and describes new instruments of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It includes detailed information about when he began his artistic career drawing from nature and the formation of the Water Colour Society, his invention of the graphic telescope and portable graphic table, improvements to microscopes, and invention of the vial microscope. The manuscript includes a listing of his publications in the Society of Arts Transactions:Volumes 33,43,47-51, 53, 55. Includes information about the formation of the Microscopic Society in 1839.

Arrangement

Finding aid is divided into three series, Correspondence, Deeds, Graphic Material. It is a diverse collection, collected by T.H. Court.

Digital objects note

This collection contains digital materials that are available in the APS Digital Library. Links to these materials are provided with context in the inventory of this finding aid. A general listing of digital objects may also be found here.

Collection Information

Physical description

4 linear ft.

Provenance

Purchased from Wreden ($2,255.90) and accessioned, 12/04/1969 (1969 1779ms).

Early American History Note

This manuscript collection falls outside the geographic scope of the Early American guide (British North America and the United States before 1840). It may be of interest to scholars interested in global history, international relations, imperialism, or the U.S. in the world.

Indexing Terms


Genre(s)

  • Account books.
  • Autobiographies.
  • Broadsides.
  • Deeds.
  • Microfilm Collection
  • Photoprints.
  • Sketches.

Subject(s)

  • Astronomy.
  • Medicine -- History.
  • Microscopy -- History.
  • Scientific apparatus and instruments -- History.


Detailed Inventory

 Series I Correspondence
  
 Dancer, John Benjamin, 1812-1887.
Description of an achromatic microscope, made by J. B. Dancer, optician. 13, Cross Street, Manchester
Undated20 cm x 25 cm

Description of an achromatic microscope. Includes an illustration of a microscope and its accessory parts.

Other Descriptive Information: Goodman 296

Access digital object:
http://diglib.amphilsoc.org/islandora/object/text%3A660

 Varley, Cornelius, 1781-1873.
As seen in a telescope that inverts [printed upside down]. Erect diagram of occulation of [Mercury] by the [Moon]
185710.5 cm x 14 cm

Possibly an advertising card for the famed scientific instrument maker Cornelius Varley.

Other Descriptive Information: Goodman 123

Access digital object:
http://diglib.amphilsoc.org/islandora/object/text%3A666

 Abraham, A..
Abraham, A. Directions for using the Compound Achromatic Microscope
Undated20.5 cm x 25.5 cmBox 1

Directions for using a compound achromatic microscope. Includes illustatrion of microscope and accessories.

Other Descriptive Information: Goodman 294

Access digital object:
http://diglib.amphilsoc.org/islandora/object/text%3A661

 Ahrens, C.D. to Frank Crisp
1884 October 4 Box 1
 Akerman, J.Y. to John? Lee
March 12 Box 1
 Anderson, H.J. to T. Crisp
1881 August 19 Box 1
 Andrade, J.F. da to T.H. Court
1933 December 7 Box 1
 Baily, Francis to Mr. Epps
1834 January 18 Box 1
 Bateson, W.H. to John Lee
1860 March 9 Box 1
 Bausch, Edward to Frank Crisp
1890 February 21 Box 1
 Baylie, William Acquittance...
1652 June 4 Box 1
 Bazaar, Exchange and Mart. to T. H. Court
1925 February 9, 1926 March 11 Box 1
 Beck, James to Mr. Crisp
1885 April 15 Box 1

Includes note on microscope.

 Bill for construction of building
undated Box 1
 Bonomi, Joseph to John Lee
1861 October - December Box 1
 Brasch, F.E. to T.H. Court
1932 August 8 Box 1
 Cartwright, R. Bill for printing for Astronomical Society
1826 February 8 Box 1
 Cary, W. Weights and Measures...Broadside
1815 April 24 Box 1
 Champness, M.R. to T.H. Court
1929 June 18 Box 1
 Cheshire, J. to Thomas H. Court
1912. 1923 Box 1
 Clay, R.S. to T.H. Court
1917-1918 Box 1
 Coke, Edward to Sir William Lee
1760 November 7 Box 1
 Compass cards
  Box 1
 Cory, Ralph to Thomas Court
1930 May 5 Box 1
 Court, Thomas H. to Mr. Braxandall
undated Box 1
 Court, Thomas H. to Teodoro Becu
1935 July 1 Box 1
 Court, Thomas H. Goods sold.
1943 June 29 Box 1
 Court, Thomas H. to R.S. Clay
1934-1935 Box 1
 Court, Thomas H. Notes
  Box 1
 Court, T.H. to Mott & Parkes
1937 July-October Box 1

Correspondence with Messrs Mott and Parkes, London regarding differences between Mr.Clay and Mr. Court.

 Court, W. to A.E. and R. Hillman
undated Box 1
 Crookes, William to Spiller
1852, 1854 Box 1
 Dancer, J.B. Description of an Achromatic Microscope
  Box 1

Other Descriptive Information: Broadside

 Day, Lionel S. to T.H. Court
1934 January 29 Box 1
 Dickinson, H.W. to Thomas H. Court
1935 February 19 Box 1
 Dollond, G. to Dr. Lee
1849 March 26 Box 1
 Dollond, G. to R. Wilkinson
1861 August 26 Box 1
 Dollond, Peter to Dr. Hutton
1819 October 27 Box 1
 Dollond, William Reciept for W.S. Parsons
1872 June 12 Box 1

Other Descriptive Information: Removed from 509.078 M582 Pam. no. 64, "The House of Dolland" in 1991. Accession: 1991-74ms

 Denning, J. to W. Hardy and Hardy, R.W.H. to E. J Lowe
1849 February 19, 20 Box 1
 Epps, James to John Lee
1838-1839 Box 1
 Epps, James to Mr. Rumker
1839 May 7 Box 1
 Filmer, B.W. Note in re church lands....
1757 May 18 Box 1
 Fragments
1829-1886, undated Box 1
 Glaisher, J. to John Lee
1861 December 19 Box 2
 Glaisher, J. Results derived from the ...readings of different thermometers....
1849 January 22 Box 2
 Goodfellow to Varley
Wednesday Box 2
 Great Britain Stamp Office Certificate to James Epps for hair powder
1796 Box 2
 Gruner to ?
1866 July 30 Box 2
 Gunther, R.T. to T.H. Court
1925 February 18, March 7, November 2 Box 2
 Hardy, R.W.H. to James Epps
1849 March 24 Box 2
 Hardy, R.W.H. to John Lee
1849 March 24, 1860 March 12 Box 2
 Hardy, R.W.H. to E.S. Lowe
1849 February 19 Box 2
 Harris, Marshall M. to Cornelius Varley
1873 October 6 Box 2
 Hatchett, John Charles Descriptions and use of two circular scales....
1840 June 30 Box 2
 Hawkins, Walter to John Lee
1860 May10 Box 2
 Hawkins, Walter to Admiral Smith
1860 March 10 Box 2
 Heal, Ambrose to Thomas H. Court
1925 October 29, 1933 July 15 Box 2
 Hellman, C. Doris to Thomas H. Court
1933 June 13 Box 2
 Hind, J.R. New Planet
1852 November 19 Box 2
 Hoope, J. to Messrs Mills and Trower
1925 October 29, 1933 July 15 Box 2
 Howell, Charles to Admiral Smyth
1860 March 7 Box 2
 Inventions by various persons.
undated Box 2
 Inventors' Institute to Cornelius Varley
1865 September 13 Box 2
 Lancaster-Jones, E. to Thomas H. Court
1937 April 27 Box 2
 Lawson, Henry to John Lee
1854 March 9, 1855 April 10 Box 2
 Lee Family Data
1711-1727 Box 2
 Lee, John to James Epps
1838-1839 Box 2
 Lee, John to Mr. Lee
1839 March 12 Box 2
 Lee, John to R.Main
1826 May 20, May 24 Box 2
 Lee, John Report on a star.
undated Box 2
 Lee, John to Charles Rumker
1862 January 15 Box 2
 Lee, John to W.S. Stratford
1838 June 25 Box 2
 Lee, John to Mr. Whiston List of Books
undated Box 2
 Lewis, Robert to Lord Hardwicke?
1763 February 10 Box 2
 Lowe, Edward Joseph to John Lee
1849 February 28 Box 2
 Lyon, Sol to unknown
1800 December 14 Box 2
 McLean, A. Business card
undated Box 2
 Malcolm, L.W.G. to T.H. Court
1926 February 16, April 6 Box 2
 Manners, R.H. to Smyth
1860 March 5 Box 2
 Martin & Company to John Lee
1864 March 9 Box 2
 Mayall, J., Jr. Anderson's fine adjustment larger model.
undated Box 2
 Mekon, E.M. to Thomas H. Court
1911 June 26 Box 2
 Meryon, G. to Cornelius Varley
undated Box 2
 Microscopes sold to Dr. Clay
1935 March 35 Box 2
 Moore, George to C. Varley
1838 March 29 Box 2
 Mosely, A. Bill to Thomas H. Court
1940 June 4 Box 2
 Murray, W.K. to Admiral Smyth
1860 March 9 Box 2
 Nelson, E.M. to unknown
1911 July 5, September 17, October 29 Box 2
 Newton, M.L. to Philip L. Newton
1806 December 5 Box 2
 Objects for microscope slides
undated Box 2
 Observations of vibrations.
undated Box 2
 Ofterdinger, Ludwig Felix.
1832 August 2 Box 2
 Ormerod, Eleanor R. to Mr. Whitehead
1888 August 1 Box 2
 Parsons, S.J. to J. Bray
1892 May 5 Box 2
 Paul, Robert W. to T.H. Court
1931 August 2 Box 2
 Pollard, Alan to T.H. Court
1922 March 27, 1926 April 28 Box 2
 Powell, James and Sons Bill for 6 air pumps
1857 September 5 Box 2
 Pretty, W.E. to Thomas H. Court
1936 October 21 Box 2
 Pye, W. receipt to Dr. Lee
1864 November 21 Box 2

Pye, Mathematical and Astronomical Instrument Maker

 Rackett, W. Bill os sale to Astronomical Society
1825 December 3 Box 2
 Ransom Morland & Company payment of M.J. Levy rent
1804 January Box 2
 Lord Rayleigh. Polarized Light.
undated Box 2
 Rohr, Moritz von. Development of the Telescope paper.
undated Box 2
 Rohr, Moritz von. The Importance of a collection of old optical instruments paper.
undated Box 2
 Rohr, Moritz von. Letters to T.H. Court and Bexandall
1927-1937 Box 2
 Rousselet, Charles F. to T.H. Court
1912 March 13, 1916 January 3 Box 2
 Royal Institution of Great Britain to T.H. Court
1930 May 24 Box 2
 Royal Observatory, Greenwich to Dr. Lee
1861 October 14 Box 2
 Royal Polytechnic Institution broadsides
undated Box 2
 Rumker, George to John Lee
1863 January 3 Box 2
 Searle, Townley to T.H. Court
October 11 Box 3
 Segwick, Adam to Admiral Smyth
1860 March 18 Box 3
 Shepherd, T. Hosmer, artist. Sketch of Thomas Henry Hooker.
1825 April Box 3
 Smithies, J.V.B. to Dr. Lee
1852 June 19 Box 3
 Slacker, M.J.? Diary of visit to Dr. Lee
1857 April 9-20 Box 3
 Society of Arts Adelphi, Committee of Polite Arts.
1825 February 11 Box 3
 Solby, Frances S. to C. Varley?
1858 July 11 Box 3
 Spectacle Makers...List by Court and Varley
undated Box 3
 Spencer, Lady Sarah to Cornelius Varley
Saturday Box 3
 Standing Commission on Museums... to T.H. Court
1941 November 1 Box 3
 Stephenson, E.P. to James Epps
1800 September 19 Box 3
 Storr, W. to James Epps
1804 February 26, 1805 February 1 Box 3
 Swift, James to Frank Crisp
1887 April 27 Box 3
 Tableau des Grossissemens Obtenus Broadside
1835 Box 3
 Thompson, C.J. to T.H. Court
1919 September 30, 1919 October 21 Box 3
 Thury, M. Description de l'oculaire astronomique...
undated Box 3
 Tollard, Alan to T.H. Court
1931 December 18 Box 3
 Unger, Stanley to T.H. Court
1937 August 20 Box 3
 Use of microscope
undated Box 3
 Varley, Cornelius Account book
1856-1860 Box 3
 Varley, Cornelius Autobiographical sketch
1859 January Box 3
 Varley, Cornelius to Dr. Burwark
1858 May 20 Box 3
 Varley, Cornelius. Causes for recent floods
1865 September Box 3
 Varley, Cornelius to Mr. Poole with caveat for patent
1810 September 25 Box 3
 Varley, Cornelius to Mrs. Varley
1840 June 24 Box 3
 Varley, Cornelius. Malady incident to many common house flies.
undated Box 3
 Varley, Cornelius. Models requisite for a drawing school.
undated Box 3
 Varley, Cornelius. Notes.
undated Box 3

Other Descriptive Information: 30 pieces.

 Varley, Cornelius. Oil paintings.
1875 March 25 Box 3
 Varley, Cornelius. Royal Academy Catalogue.
1803-1844 Box 3
 Varley, Cornelius. Sketch list.
1808-1845 Box 3
 Varley, Cornelius, 1781-1873.
Varley, Cornelius. Specifications for his telescope
4 June 1811 1 item(s) Box 3
 Varley, Cornelius. Varley's microscope. Order to be taken out of cabinet.
undated Box 3
 Varley, Cornelius. Varley's patent for graphic telescope.
undated Box 3
 Varley, Cornelius. Watercolors list.
1875 March 25 Box 3
 Varley, Cornelius to unknown
1860 March 6 Box 3
 Varley, C. to unknown
undated Box 3
 Varley, C.F. to unknown
1873 October 15 Box 3
 Varley, C. J. to unknown.
undated Box 3
 Varley, Richard Jr. to Cornelius Varley
1880 October 17 Box 3
 Varley, Samuel. Biographical note.
undated Box 8
 Villers, Major to Mr. Aikin
1825 February 25 Box 3
 Vincer, Edward to Dr. Epps
1796 January 21 Box 3
 Vulliamy, W. to Epps.
1839 June 4 Box 3
 Wallach. Story of the coccospheres
1877 Box 3
 Webb, Thomas William to Admiral Smyth
1860 March 19 Box 3
 Whipple, Robert S. to T.H. Court
1926 March 29, 1934 May 7, 1937 February 6, 1938 May 25 Box 3
 Whitbread, J.O. to John Lee
1860 March 3 Box 3
 Wilson, C.H. to Thomas H. Court
1928 December 21 Box 3
 Woodburn, Henry to John B. Inglis
1822 July 4 Box 3
 Worshipful. Company of spectacle makers, London. Notice of Membership.
undated Box 3

Other Descriptive Information: Broadside.

 Yates, James to Admiral Smyth
1860 March 4 Box 3
 Zeiss, Carl to T.H. Court
1930 June 24 Box 3
 Series II Deeds
  
 Antonie, Marc. Marriage settlement
1710 November 14 Box 4
 Bernard, Gabriel Henry.
1789 September 14 Box 4
 Bernard, Gabriel Henry.
undated Box 4
 Bodford, Duke of. Lease
1730 December 30 Box 4
 Bodford, Duke of. Lease
1744 June 9 Box 4
 Boone, Samuel, et al.
16th-17th centuries Box 10
LH-B-24-1
 Bristo, Thomas. Indenture
1598/1599 March 7 Box 4
 Burman, Lucy. Bond for children.
1771 Box 4
 Burman, Lucy. Marriage Settlement.
1771 October 13 Box 4
 Boudaire, Martin. Declaration.
1681 December 11 Box 4
 Bristo, Thomas. Indenture.
1598/1599 March 7 Box 4
 Burman, Lucy. Bond for children.
1771 Box 4
 Burman, Lucy. Marriage Settlement.
1771 October 13 Box 4
 College of Doctors of Law. Lease to John Lee.
1819 July 12 Box 4
 Cornfield, James. Henry Court case.
1805 Box 4
 Croiseau, J.B.
1740 May 31 Box 4
 DeBroult, Charles.
1652 July 20? Box 5
 Deed
1377 Box 5
 Deed
1585 July 15 Box 5
 Deed
1601 Box 5
 Deed
1683 August 24 Box 5
 Drake, Roger. Indenture.
1638 November 8 Box 5
 Drake, Roger. Indenture.
1646 September 30 Box 5
 Dudley, Thomas. Indenture.
1588 July 3 Box 5
 Eastwick, Elizabeth to Thomas Hodsdon. Indenture.
1839 April 3 Box 5
 Egerton, Thomas.
undated Box 5
 Fiotts, Edward. Marriage settlement.
1786 November 15 Box 5
 Geofray
1685 Box 5
 Gould, William. Indenture
1801 January 1 Box 5
 Gurault, Pierre Augustus
1780 November 12 Box 5
 Hoyle, John. Affidavit
undated Box 5
 Julien.
undated Box 5
 Jameston, Henry. Indenture.
1731 September 27 Box 5
 Lambert, Jane, Samuel Spencer, John Hele
1767 March 12 Box 5
 Lloyd, Sir Charles. Indenture.
1727 March 26 Box 5
 Lloyd, Sir Nathanael. Indenture
1728 March 1 Box 5
 Lloyd, Nathanael. Indenture
1730 February 8 Box 5
 Norris, William
1576 July 20 Box 6
 Parsons, William. Indenture.
1789 November 5 Box 6
 Perrochol, Charles
1628 September 24 Box 6
 Reign of Henry VIII
1532? Box 10
 St. Paul's London. Indenture.
  Box 6
 Seabrooke, Thomas
1606 February Box 6
 Spencer, John
1711 September 15 Box 6
 Toward, William
1808 February 4 Box 6
 Treby, Brindley. Lease.
1721 August 28 Box 6
 Trinity College, Cambridge. Lease.
1739 January 23 Box 6
 Trinity Hall. Lease.
1729 January1 Box 6
 Trinity Hall. Lease.
1738 Box 6
 Trinity Hall. Lease.
1739 January 8 Box 6
 Trinity Hall. Lease.
1740 March 26 Box 6
 Willmott, William. Indenture.
1674 December 18 Box 6
 Sangart? statement.
1765 May 13 Box 6
 Series III Graphics
  
 Astronomical Observations
1813-1850, undated Box 8
LH-B-24-1
 Chavasse, William Description of...Marine Transit
1812 October 17 Box 8
Broadside. LH-B-24-1
 Nairne, Edward Directions how to use...compound microscope...
undated Box 8
LH-B-24-2

Other Descriptive Information: Broadside. Repaired 2/4/1970 by W.S.

 Photographs of instruments, microscopic material
undated Box 7
 Photographs, prints of optical instruments
undated Box 7
 Smyth, Admiral. Trial tints for double-star diagram.
1864 July 12 Box 7
 Varley, Cornelius. Cambric fibers magnified.
undated Box 8
LH-B-24-2
 Varley, Cornelius. Chara Vulgaris. Number 2
1844 Box 9
LH-B-24-1
 Varley, Cornelius. Chara Vulgaris. Number 9
1844 Box 9
LH-B-24-1
 Varley, Cornelius. Chara Vulgaris. Number 10
1842 Box 9
LH-B-24-1
 Varley, Cornelius. Chara Vulgaris. Number 11
1833, 1944 Box 9
LH-B-24-1
 Varley, Cornelius. Chara Vulgaris, Nitella. Number 18
1844 Box 9
LH-B-24-1
 Varley, Cornelius. Chara Vulgaris quarto sheets and description.
1842, undated Box 7
 Varley, Cornelius. Cork ball held up by a jet of water.
undated Box 8
LH-B-24-1
 Varley, Cornelius. Microscope sketch.
undated Box 8
LH-B-24-1
 Varley, Cornelius. Nitella Translucens. Number 15
1833 Box 9
LH-B-24-1
 Varley, Cornelius. Nitella Translucens. Number 16
1833 Box 9
LH-B-24-1
 Varley, Cornelius. Nitella Translucens. Number 17
1844 Box 9
LH-B-24-1
 Varley, Cornelius. One seed, two globules
1842? Box 9
LH-B-24-1
 Varley, Cornelius. Rotations in Turpentine. Sketch
undated Box 9
LH-B-24-1
 Varley, Cornelius. Self-regulating valve drawing.
undated Box 8
LH-B-24-1
 Varley, Cornelius. Three whole aquatic microscopic plants.
1831-1833 Box 9
LH-B-24-1
 Varley, Cornelius. Whole microscopic plants...
1831-1833 Box 9
LH-B-24-1