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Rademacher, Hans (1892-1969)
Mathematician.
Papers, 1942-1963. 0.5 lin. feet.

Trained at Göttingen, the mathematician Hans Rademacher was expelled by the Nazis from his position at the University of Breslau in 1934 due to his pacifist beliefs. Settling at the University of Pennsylvania, Rademacher is best known for his contributions in number theory.

The Rademacher Collection consists of several manuscripts by Rademacher pertaining to modular forms and analytical number theory. Among these are an important unpublished work, "Über ein spezielles orthogonalsystem," which had been believed lost until rediscovered by Emil Grosswald, the manuscript for a published article on Ramanujan identities under modular substitution, extensive notes for a lecture on Dedekind sums, and a book-length manuscript on analytical number theory.

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Radin, Paul (1883-1959)
American anthropologist.
Papers, ca. 1912-1959. 12.5 lin. ft.

There are notes, transcriptions, essays, etc., on the language and customs of several Indian tribes. There are numerous vocabularies, dictionaries, and grammatical notes on the Winnebago, Patwin, and Huave tribes, and some items on the Fox, Tukudh, Pomo, Wappo, and Wintu; 79 notebooks, in English and Winnebago, on myths, legends, stories, customs, dances, religious observances, costume, etc., of the Winnebago, with some on the Ottawa and Ojibwa; notes on Winnebago history; 2 boxes of Winnebago phonetic texts; and significant material on Mexican Indians (Zapotec). Some of the items are typed copies of Radin's published studies.

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Rafinesque-Schmaltz, Constantine Samuel (1783-1840)
Naturalist.
Letters and papers, 1808-1840. ca. 400 items.

Contains letters from Rafinesque, principally to Zaccheus Collins, 1810-1840, with bills, receipts, and notes on Rafinesque vs. Parker; letters to Rafinesque from Collins, L. A. Tarascon, Lewis C. Beck, John Torrey, Charles W. Short, and others, 1817-1835; miscellaneous correspondence and documents relating principally to Rafinesque vs. Parker, with an account of the Felician Society of Feliciana County, Ill., 1820. Also a large number of writings, chiefly on botanical topics, but including notes and essays on Indians, Negroes, grapes and wine-making, banking, and speculation. There is an account of his scientific travels in North America and southern Europe, 1800-1832, and an American bibliography. The botanical notes include descriptions of specimens collected by Lewis and Clark, Patrick Gass, and Gotthilf H. E. Muhlenberg. For a description, see Charles Boewe, "The Manuscripts of C. S. Rafinesque (1783-1840)," APS Proc. 102 (1958): 590-595.

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Rafinesque-Schmaltz, Constantine Samuel (1783-1840)
Letters to John Torrey, 1819-1840. Film. 1 reel.

From the New York Botanical Garden.

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Rafinesque-Schmaltz, Constantine Samuel (1783-1840)
Correspondence with William Swainson. Film. 1 reel.

From the Linnean Society of London.

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Rafinesque-Schmaltz, Constantine Samuel (1783-1840)
Ancient monuments of North and South America, 1822-1825. Film. 1 reel.

From the University Museum, University of Pennsylvania.

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Rafinesque-Schmaltz, Constantine Samuel (1783-1840)
Miscellaneous manuscripts. Film. 1 reel.

From the University of Kansas Library. A few letters to John Torrey, Amos Eaton, and Reuben Haines; journals of travels to the Appalachian mountains, 1833, and to the source of the Schuylkill River, 1834.

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Ramberg, Edward G. (1907-1996)
Physicist
Papers, 1921-1994. 11 lin. feet.

A physicist and social activist, Edward G. Ramberg contributed to the early development of electron microscopy and color television, and devoted much of his life to pacifist and Quaker causes. Born in Italy to an American mother and German father, Ramberg experienced the losses of war firsthand during the First World War when his father was killed while serving with the German army. After moving to the United States with his mother, Ramberg attended Reed College and Cornell University before returning to Germany for postdoctoral study under Arnold Sommerfeld. Employed at RCA for most of his career (1935-1972), Ramberg refused any involvement in military or war-related research, and as a conscientious objector during the Second World War, was assigned to duty in Civilian Public Service camps. He continued to work in fostering social harmony until late in life. With his wife, Sarah Sargent, a Swarthmore graduate whom he met through the American Friends Service Committee, Ramberg helped to establish Bryn Gweled, a cooperative community in which people of various religious, social, and racial backgrounds lived and worked together.

The bulk of the Ramberg papers consists of files pertaining to his work with Amnesty International, the American Friends Service Committee, and peace groups in the Philadelphia and Bucks County region. Of particular note is a bundle of correspondence with Sommerfeld.

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Randle, Martha Champion
Recorder
Ceremonial songs of Tonawanda Seneca longhouse, 1936. Recording. 4 reels.

Copies of these recordings and additional Seneca materials are in the Archives of Languages of the World, Indiana University.

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Rasetti, Franco Rama Dino (1901- )
Physicist
Papers, 1941 1966. ca. 1500 items. (1.5 lin. ft.).

Though a physicist, Rasetti was also interested in paleontology, and the bulk of the correspondence in this collection centers on his interest in Cambrian stratigraphy and paleontology and in the Paleontological Society.

Among the correspondents are:

• Christina Lochman Balk
• John M. Bird
• René Bureau
• G. Arthur Cooper
• Donald W. Fisher
• B. F. Howell
• J. Brookes Knight
• Robert Metz
• Eric W. Mountjoy
• Allison R. Palmer
• Charles E. Ressler
• Alan Bosworth Shaw
• George Theokritoff
• Harry B. Whittington
• James Lee Wilson

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Rauschardt, Felix Hannibal
Arithmetica decimalis; oder Rechenkunst der Geometrischen Zehen theiligen Ruthen, 1648, bound together with Tractatus von der Fortification, 1649. 1 vol.; (ca. 202 pp.).

Problems in geometry and trigonometry; fortifications and their layout. A note on the fly-leaf says: "Found in the Bastile and Presented by Peter S. Du Ponceau Esqr to Wm Duer junr the 12 of Nov. 1796. W. Duer, Junior."

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Rawlins, Ray E. D. (1917-1979)
Autograph collector
Collection of scientific autographs, 1772-1973. ca. 300 items.

A miscellaneous collection of letters, mainly of English scientists, written to various people. Except for John Peter Gassiot, William Huggins, Edwin R. Lankester, James Mackintosh, David Prain, and William Whewell, most correspondents are represented by only one or two letters.

Other correspondents include:

• Sir George B. Airy
• Charles Babbage
• Francis Beaufort
• James Scott Bowerbank
• Sir Henry Cole
• William Boyd Dawkins
• George Claridge Druce
• Michael Faraday
• Camille Flammarion
• Sir Michael Foster
• Henry Holland
• George Murray Humphrey
• Baron Kelvin
• Daniel Lysons
• John Milne
• Friedrich Max Muller
• Lyon Playfair
• Baden Powell
• John Tyndall
• Frederick Albert Winsor

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Reland, Adriaan (1676-1718)
Dutch Orientalist.
Vocabularia variarum linguarum Americanarum, 1822. 1 vol. (35 pp.). Copy.

Widely known for his in-depth studies of Islam, the Dutch linguist and Orientalist Adriaan Reland (1676-1718) spent most of his career as Professor of Oriental languages at the University of Utrech. A master of many classical and living languages, he delved into issues in historical linguistics in his collected essays, Dissertationum miscellanearum partes tres (1706-1708), touching on languages from Indonesia and East Asia to North and South America.

The difficulty of obtaining Adriaan Reland's linguistic works in Philadelphia apparently lead Peter Stephen Duponceau to copy out sections of the Dissertationum, probably in 1822. Drawn in turn from a number of earlier sources, these sections include "Brasilian" (i.e. Mapuche), "Chilean," "Peruvian" (Quechua), "Guatimalan" (Pocomam), "Caribbean" (Arawak or Carib), "Mexican" (Nahuatl), "Virginian" (Massachusett), Algonkian, and Huron.

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Reyburn, William D.
Collector
Cherokee materials gathered... on the Cherokee reservation at Cherokee, N.C. [1951-1952]. Recording. 9 reels.

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Reyburn, William D.
Tuscarora linguistic material, [1950]. Recording. 6 reels.

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Reynell, John (1708-1784)
Philadelphia merchant. APS 1768
Daybook, 1731-1732. 1 vol. (90 pp.).

Purchases and payments for sugar, tobacco, clothing, nails, shipment of goods to the West Indies, etc., by, among others, John Bard, Benjamin Franklin, Andrew Hamilton, Israel Pemberton, William Rawle, Charles Read.

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Rhoads, Charles James (1872-1956)
Banker, United States Commissioner of Indian Affairs. APS 1921.
Papers, 1883-1929. ca. 100 items.

Letters and telegrams, mostly of congratulation, relating to Charles James Rhoads's appointment as United States Commissioner of Indian Affairs in 1929; with drafts of some replies. Correspondents include Emily G. Balch, Felix Frankfurter, and Herbert C. Hoover. The collection also includes several letters from James E. Rhoads to Capt. Richard H. Pratt of the Indian Training School, Carlisle, 1883-1894, and copies of a few letters from Pratt to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, 1913-1921, on Indian matters.

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Richards, Alfred Newton (1876-1966)
Pharmacologist, medical administrator. APS 1935
Survey of medical affairs, University of Pennsylvania, 1931. Copy.

Confidential report on all aspects of the University of Pennsylvania medical school and hospital, research and teaching, prepared by Richards and T. Grier Miller for the president of the university, Thomas Sovereign Gates. This copy was made from the original in possession of Dr. Richards.

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Richards, Horace Clark (1868-1945)
Physicist. APS 1907.
Radium and its rays, Nov. 1914, 62 pp.

Manuscript of a lecture presented at the University of Pennsylvania, and published in Old Penn, November 21, 1914.

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Richardson, Owen Williams (1897-1959)
Physicist. APS 1910.
Papers. Film. 75 reels.

From originals in the University of Texas.

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Richman, Irwin
The Brightest Ornament: A Biography of Nathaniel Chapman. Film. 1 reel.

Ph.D. thesis, University of Pennsylvania, 1965.

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Richmond, Phyllis Allen
Historian
A selected bibliography of American fundamental scientific research during the nineteenth century. 132 pp. Typescript, with index.

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Riddle, Oscar (1877-1968)
Zoologist, physiologist. APS 1926.
Papers, 1919-1963. ca. 3,500 items. (3.5 lin. ft.).

Includes correspondence, autobiographical notes, addresses, articles, drawings. Riddle, who spent most of his professional career at the Station for Experimental Evolution at Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island, did most of his zoological study on birds and reproduction. His collection reflects his interests in breeding, heredity, and evolution. He was interested as well in humanism and the presentation of biological and evolutionary theories. Of note is documentation of his problems in the Department of Zoology at the University of Chicago in 1911.

The correspondence is not voluminous but included are the following important correspondents:

• Albert F. Blakeslee
• Theodore Dreiser
• Sir Julian Huxley
• Alfred C. Kinsey
• Henry A. Moe
• Robert Simpson
• Charles O. Whitman

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Rigsby, Bruce
Compiler
Sahaptin field notes, 1963-1969. Film. 2 reels.

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Rittenhouse, David (1732-1796)
Instrument-maker, astronomer, treasurer of Pennsylvania. APS 1768.
Meteorological observations, 1784-1805. 2 vols. (ca. 438 pp.).

The first volume also contains notes of expenses and of observations while surveying the western boundary of Pennsylvania, 1785. The observations were continued in the second volume after Rittenhouse's death.

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Rittenhouse, David (1732-1796)
Observations made at Wilmington for determining the longitude, July 1-October 14, 1784. 1 vol. (33 pp.).

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Rittenhouse, David (1732-1796)
Receipt book, 1779-1785. 1 vol. (ca. 86 pp.).

Record of payments principally by John Hart, treasurer of Bucks County, Pa., of taxes, such as militia fines, forfeited debts, supplies, monthly taxes, second-class tax, excise taxes, etc.

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Rittenhouse, David (1732-1796)
The Rittenhouse Orrery, 1980. 13 pp., Cassette and slides.

This is a slide/lecture presentation, prepared by Stephen Kramer. He explains the Rittenhouse orreries at the University of Pennsylvania and at Princeton University. Included is a typescript narrative of the taped lecture.

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Rittenhouse Family
Papers, 1774-1932. ca. 40 items.

Letters, broadsides, and other documents pertaining to various branches of the Rittenhouse family, and to David Rittenhouse himself (there are a few letters from him). Included are references to Benjamin Smith Barton, and in Fanny Abbott's Family Records, there are copies of documents concerning the Barton family, especially Thomas Barton.

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Rivers, Thomas Milton (1888 1962)
Medical scientist. APS 1942.
Papers, ca. 1941-1963. ca. 10,000 items. (11 lin. ft.).

The bacteriologist and virologist Thomas Milton Rivers spent over thirty years at the Rockefeller Institute as a researcher in the Department of Bacteriology and from 1937-1955, as Director. Working on measles and pneumonia, Rivers discovered the parainfluenzae bacillus and cultivated vaccine virus for human use, and during the 1950s, he played an important role in coordinating research on poliomyelitis as head of the National Institute for Infantile Paralysis. During the Second World War, Rivers led the Naval Medical Research Unit in the South Pacific, rising to the rank of Rear Admiral.

The Rivers Papers contains correspondence, laboratory notes, speeches, and photographs documenting Rivers' activities at the Rockefeller Institute, the development of polio vaccine, and Rivers's Navy experience in the Pacific during World War II.

Also described in Lily Kay, Molecules, Cells, and Life

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Roach, Hannah Benner (1907-1976)
Genealogist, historical researcher
Bibliographical card file, ca. 1718-1795. ca. 9000 cards.

A rich index of names and places, and alphabetical abstracts of Philadelphia newspaper items and advertisements for this period. Roach made a systematic search through eighteenth-century newspapers and several other sources, for biographical and subject information on Philadelphians and Pennsylvanians of the period. It is primarily biographical, but subject headings, such as, "The Barracks," "Blue Lion, Sign of the," "Custom House," are scattered throughout. The source of each entry is cited, and there are brief annotations.

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Roach, Hannah Benner (1907-1976)
Research material. 2.5 lin. ft.

This material includes a typescript of her "History of Elfreth's Alley," an unpublished manuscript prepared for the Elfreth's Alley Association in 1958, and also research material related to this study, i.e., land and deed abstracts, and miscellaneous notes.

There is a typescript of an unpublished manuscript of the Cheney family of New Jersey and their involvement in the development of silk culture in nineteenth-century America. There are, in addition, related notes, photographs, engravings, etc., about the Cheney family and Burlington, N. J.

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Roark-Calnek, Sue N.
Collector
Delaware songs and texts, 1973, 1974. Recording. 5 cassettes.

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Roark-Calnek, Sue N.
Indian performances in Oklahoma, 1973-1974. Recording. 36 cassettes.

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Robbins, Frederick Woods (1860-1939)
Educator
Reminiscences. 150 pp.

A fascinating and detailed account of Robbins's life growing up on a farm in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, as well as his educational career as a teacher and administrator, with insights into the educational system of the 1880s to 1920s. There are long accounts of domestic and farm life: making cider, candles, soap, butchery, planting, etc. The hard life during the depression of 1873 is also discussed.

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Robbins, William Jacob (1890-1978)
Botanist, plant physiologist. APS 1941.
Papers, 1898-1974. ca. 1500 items.

Correspondence on personal and scientific topics, diaries, lectures, notebooks, photographs, etc., concerning his life and career. There are data relating to the National Academy of Sciences, New York Botanical Garden (Director, 1937-1957), Lehigh University and University of Missouri (Head of Dept. of Botany, Dean of Grad. School, Acting President, 1933-1934). Of interest is his work with the European office of the Rockefeller Foundation, 1928-1930, and as Chairman of the National Research Council Fellowship Board. Of particular note is his European diary, 1928-1929, with its extensive comments on scientists he saw or heard from; his early school notebooks; and the lecture notes, 1912-1915, from B. M. Duggan's course on crop ecology at Cornell University (Ph.D., 1915).

Correspondents include:

• C. O. Appleman
• George w. Beadle
• Lloyd V. Berkner
• Detlev W. Bronk
• J. McKeen Cattell
• Ralph E. Cleland
• William D. Coolidge
• Henry S. Drinker
• B.M. Duggan
• Henry F. Du Pont
• John F. Enders
• Frank D. Fackenthal
• Lewis S. Greenleaf, Jr.
• Alan Gregg
• Ross G. Harrison
• Mark H. Ingraham
• Frank B. Jewett
• John T. Lloyd
• Elmer D. Merrill
• John H. Northrop
• Alfred N. Richards
• Jacob R. Schramm
• Edmund W. Sinnott
• Rodney H. True
• Alan T. Waterman
• Raymund L. Zwemer

There are also ca. 100 letters to and from E. B. Wilson and others on the affairs of the National Academy of Sciences, 1941-1962, and ca. 150 letters to and from Albert F. Blakeslee about the Smith College Genetics Experiment Station, 1938-1954. Also letters and diaries of trips to Japan, and India; invitations; correspondence concerning the Tropical Plant Conference, 1959; the Animal Medical Center; and some correspondence as president and executive officer of the APS.

Also described in Lily Kay, Molecules, Cells, and Life

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Roberts, Helen Heffron (1888- )
Songs of the Nootka Indians of Western Vancouver Island, 1935-1955.

Music for 97 songs. Printed in APS Trans. 45 (1955): 199-309.

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Roberts, Joseph, Jr. (1793-1835)
Schoolmaster. APS 1829
Astronomical calculations, 1820-1821. 1 vol. (30 pp.).

Calculations of the distances of stars, eclipses, longitude, etc., made by William Maule, James Cresson, Joseph Jeanes, James James, and Robert Hutchinson, pupils in the Friends Academy, where Roberts was a teacher.

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Roberts, Joseph, Jr. (1793-1835)
Philosophical and mathematical papers. 3 vols. (ca. 206 pp.).

One volume of mathematical and philosophical papers, 1814, which appear to be college exercises; an essay on the projection of the sphere and spherical trigonometry, including appendix on astronomy (1 vol.); and a lecture on natural philosophy, apparently prepared for delivery.

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Robertson, Henry Alphonso (1919- )
Historian
A Critical Analysis of William Byrd II and his Literary Technique in The History of the Dividing Line, and the Secret History of the Dividing Line. 286 pp.

Ph.D. dissertation, University of Delaware, 1966.

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Robertson, O. H. (Oswald Hope), 1886-1966
Physician, naturalist.
Papers, 1918-1968. (7 lin. ft.).

A physician and naturalist, Oswald Hope Robertson worked at the Rockefeller Institute, the Peking Union Medical College, and at the medical school of University of Chicago (1927-1951). With a broad range of research interests, Robertson contributed important work on the transmission of pneumonia, the disinfection of air with glycol vapors, and later in his career, on the physiology and ecology of salmonid fishes. He is best remembered, however, as the creator of the first blood bank, established for use by British and American forces during the First World War.

The Robertson Papers contain correspondence, notes, articles, and notebooks on many of Robertson's major research interests, including his work on blood. His early work on salmonid ecology is represented in a journal and eleven notebooks stemming from fieldwork in the lakes of the Wind River Range in northwestern Wyoming, 1942-1951. There is also interesting material on the Research Corporation (New York City) concerning patents on glycol vapors and air sterilizers, as well as notes and manuscripts of papers on morphine experiments, canine pneumococcus, bacteremia, and the effects of hydrocortisone.

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Rochas d'Aiglun, Albert de (1837-1914)
Psychic researcher
Papers, 1845-1921 (Bulk: 1882-1908). 1.75 linear feet

A military officer and civilian superintendent of the École Polytechnique in Paris, Albert de Rochas became one of the best known psychic researchers in late nineteenth century France. His interests centered on uncovering the laws behind psychic forces, somnambulism, magnetism and mesmerism, hypnotism, perception, and reincarnation. A prolific writer, he studied a number of Spiritualist and Spiritist mediums, including Maria Mayo (Lina), Eusapia Paladino, and D. D. Home.

Despite the relatively small size of the collection, the papers of Albert de Rochas open an important window onto the development of psychic science in fin de siècle France and onto the cultural impact of Spiritualism. The collection includes a scattered, but valuable selection of correspondence with fellow psychic researchers, editors, mediums, and other individuals interested in psychic research, and a valuable set of 69 spirit and psychic photographs, that Rochas collected as evidence of psychic forces, and as documentation of séances, mediums, and "sensitives." Rochas' work on the exteriorization of sensibility and studies of Lina, Charles Bailey, and Paladino are relatively well documented, and his interests in the laws of psychic phenomena, reincarnation, and the exmigration of the living soul run throughout.

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Rockefeller Institute
Meningitis Records, 1907-1913. 8 lin. ft.

In 1892, the physician and medical administrator Simon Flexner began research on cerebrospinal meningitis, a meningococcal disease with an untreated mortality rate between 70 and 90%. Experimenting on monkeys, Flexner developed a promising serum treatment for the disease by 1903, which he used extensively during the epidemic outbreaks of meningitis in New York City in 1904-1905 and 1907. For several years, Flexner kept his serum under his close supervision, with the result that the Rockefeller Institute became the primary source for knowledge about meningitis and its treatment.

The 8 linear feet of records amassed at the Rockefeller Institute between 1907 and 1913 document Simon Flexner's deployment of his serum treatment for cerebrospinal meningitis and his on-going interest in the epidemiology, etiology, and treatment of the disease. The collection consists largely of patient records, with data on hospitals and physicians to whom Flexner has dispensed his serum.

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Rockwell, Alfred Perkins (1834-1903)
Mining engineer
Papers, 1846-1903. 0.5 lin. feet.

After receiving his PhB at Yale's Sheffield Scientific School in 1858, Alfred P. Rockwell continued his studies at the Museum of Practical Geology in London and the Bergakademie Freiberg, focused largely on mining engineering and coal geology. After service in the Civil War, he held positions at Yale and MIT before leaving academia in 1873 to pursue other opportunities. He later served as president of the Eastern Rail Road and Treasurer of the Great Falls Manufacturing Company, a textile firm in New Hampshire.

The small collection of the papers of Alfred P. Rockwell document his interest in coal geology during the period of his postgraduate study at the Museum of Practical Geology and the Bergakademie, 1858-1859. Although the correspondence is slight, the collection includes a suite of notes on collieries, coal mining technology, and the economics of coal. Of particular note in the collection are the eight notebooks on mining engineering (some containing sketches), including two volumes of notes on John Percy's lectures at the Museum of Practical Geology, 1858, three volumes kept during his stay at the Bergakademie Freiberg, including one on a course on metallurgy taught by Bernhard von Cotta, 1858-1859, and one of an industrial tour through Germany and Belgium (June 1859). The other volumes include two on collieries in northern England, and one including of production records for the Great Falls Manufacturing Company, 1879-1886.

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Roe, Anne (1904- )
Psychologist.
Papers, 1953. ca. 6,000 items. (6 lin. ft.).

This collection represents the data that Roe (Mrs. George Gaylord Simpson) collected on 64 scientists for her 1953 book, The Making of a Scientist. The material for each scientist includes transcripts of interviews, Rorschach and Thematic Apperception Tests, personal data, and letters several years afterward asking for additional data.

The scientists are:

• Gordon William Allport
• Luis W. Alvarez
• Edgar Anderson
• Horace Welcome Babcock
• Frank Ambrose Beach
• George Wells Beadle
• Jesse Wakefield Beams
• Joyce Alvin Bearden
• James Bonner
• Jerome S. Brunner
• Ralph W. Chaney
• Ralph E. Cleland
• Carleton Stevens Coon
• George Washington Corner
• Edward Adelbert Doisy
• Carl Epling
• Maurice Ewing
• Wendell Hinkle Furry
• Clarence H. Graham
• J. P. Guilford
• A. Irving Hallowell
• Harry F. Harlow
• William Webster Hansen
• Ernest Ropiequet Hilgard
• John G. Kirkwood
• Clyde Kay Kluckhohn
• Vern O. Knudsen
• Karl Spencer Lashley
• Donald B. Lindsey
• Ralph Linton
• Edwin Mattison McMillan
• Joseph E. Mayer
• Philip McCord Morse
• J. Howard Mueller
• Hermann J. Muller
• Robert S. Mulliken
• Morris Muskat
• John Howard Northrop
• Linus Carl Pauling
• Robert Redfield
• Marcus Morton Rhoades
• Curt Paul Richter
• William Jacob Robbins
• Howard P. Robertson
• Carl Ransom Rogers
• Alfred S. Romer
• Robert R. Sears
• Julian Schwinger
• Harry L. Shapiro
• Burrhus F. Skinner
• Homer W. Smith
• Tracy M. Sonneborn
• Wendell M. Stanley
• George Ledyard Stebbins
• Stanley Smith Stevens
• Homer Joseph Stewart
• Julius Adams Stratton
• William Duncan Strong
• Alfred Sturtevant
• Merle Anthony Tuve
• Harold Clayton Urey
• John Hasbrouck Van Vleck
• Gordon Randolph Willey
• Sewall Wright

Some files restricted. Not to be consulted until ten years after death of each individual.

Also described in Lily Kay, Molecules, Cells, and Life

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Rogers, Robert (1731-1795)
Soldier, frontiersman.
An estimate of the fur and peltry trade in the district of Michilimackinac, according to the bounds and limits, assign'd to it by the French, when under their government: together with an account of the situation and names of the several out-posts, 1767. 1 vol. (16 pp.).

A New Hampshireman and one of the most famous military figures in colonial America, Robert Rogers saw brief service in the militia during King George's War, but found fame as a commander of rangers during the Seven Years War. An efficient leader and crack woodsman, Rogers gained a hard driving reputation in leading his rangers against the Abnaki Indians at St. Francis Quebec, and for service at Quebec, Montreal, Fort Pitt, and Detroit. After voyaging to England in 1765 to advance his career, he was appointed to the command of Fort Michilimackinac at the tip of the southern peninsula of Michigan, but was recalled less than two years later for impropriety and suspected treason. He later offered his services to George Washington before serving in the Loyalist Queen's Rangers.

As Commander of Fort Michilimackinac from 1766-1768, Rogers sat at the critical nexus of the British fur trade, the point connecting the vast interior of the western Great Lakes and northern plains to the trading centers at Montreal and elsewhere in the east. His "Estimate of the Fur and Peltry Trade in the District of Michilimackinac, according to the bounds and limits, assign'd to it by the French, when under their government: together with an account of the situation and names of the several out-posts" is, as the title suggests, an overview of this most important area of economic activity. Rogers gave this manuscript to Jonathan Carver (the man he has sent on an expedition to find the Northwest Passage), who relayed it to Thomas Barton of Lancaster, Pa., who, in turn, sent it to the American Philosophical Society. It was received at the APS and referred to the Committee on Trade and Commerce on December 20, 1768. Printed by William L. Clements, "Rogers' Michillimackinac Journal," American Antiquarian Society, Proceedings, n.s., 28 (1918): 224-273.

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Rood, David S.
Collector
Wichita language materials, 1969. Recording. 1 reel.

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Ross, Betsy (1752-1836)
Seamstress.
Papers. Film. 1 reel.

Contains documents assembled from various libraries, concerning the American flag and the Betsy Ross House in Philadelphia.

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Rosseter, John (d.1811?)
Ship captain
Log of the China Packet, 1804-1805. 1 vol. (ca. 280 pp.).

The voyage was from Philadelphia to Canton and return. The concluding statement reads: "One hundred & thirty days from Maccoa out of which time we had 30 Calm days, the longest passage I Ever had from China. With this Journal I have done and glad Am I."

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Roth, Johannes
Moravian missionary
Ein Versuch: der Geschichte unsers Herrn u. Heylandes Jesu Christi in das Delawarische übersezt [der Unami] von der Marter Woche an bis zur Himmelfahrt unsers Herrn, 1770-1772. 1 vol. (262 pp.).

The fifth part of a life of Jesus from Passion Week to Ascension, compiled from Gospel sources and translated by Roth, missionary at Sheshequim on the Susquehanna River.

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Rothrock, Joseph Trimble (1839-1922)
Physician, botanist, forester. APS 1877.
Letters to Eli Kirk Price, 1878-1884. 9 items.

Correspondence relating to botanizing expeditions in the Chesapeake Bay and Virginia area, the University of Pennsylvania, APS, etc.

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Roughton, Francis John Worsley (1899-1972)
Biochemist, physiologist
Papers, ca. 1920s-1960s. (90 lin. ft.).

This collection of correspondence and documents focuses on Roughton's prolific life's work on respiratory physiology. His specific work at Cambridge University from the 1920s to the 1960s, as well as interludes in the U. S. during World War II, are covered, as is the scientific milieu in which he worked. Some of the subjects or organizations for which there are documents, are: Bermuda and Naples Zoological Research Stations; British Glue and Gelatin Research Assoc.; Biochemical Journal; Cambridge Philosophical Society; Cambridge University Departments of Physiology (pre-1939) and Colloid Science (post-1940); Harvard Fatique Lab.; Medical research Council; Trinity College Cambridge.

There is also material on the following individuals, among others:

• Joseph Bancroft
• Britton Chance
• John T. Edsall
• J. B. S. Haldane
• William Harvey
• Lawrence J. Henderson
• Archibald V. Hill
• Frederick G. Hopkins
• Hans A. Krebs
• Joseph Needham
• Linus Pauling
• Max F. Perutz
• Ernest Rutherford
• P. F. Scholander
• Jefferies Wyman

Also described in Lily Kay, Molecules, Cells, and Life

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Rous, Peyton (1879-1970)
Pathologist. APS 1939.
Papers, ca. 1917-1970. ca. 60,000 items (60 lin. ft.).

For his pioneering research on the link between viruses and cancer, the pathologist Francis Peyton Rous was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1966. Working primarily at the mainly at the Rockefeller Institute after 1909, Rous first came to notice for his theoretical construction of the first blood bank for use in France during World War I, a plan ultimately implemented by his assistant, Oswald H. Robertson. Subsequently, he left an important imprint on the development of experimental medicine, partly through his own research on the origins of cancer and his administrative activities at the Rockefeller, but also as editor of the Journal of Experimental Medicine from 1921-1970.

The Rous Papers include correspondence, lectures, articles, reports, laboratory records, reprints, and photographs that document all aspects of the life and work of Peyton Rous. Reflecting his work at the Institute are letters of colleagues, information on assistants, and reports to the directors (1909-1959). Additional material relates to Rous' diverse organizational interests, including the American Cancer Society, Century Association, Jane Coffin Childs Memorial Fund for Medical Research (at Yale University), Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Johns Hopkins University, National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council, New York Academy of Medicine, Royal Society of Medicine Foundation, and Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research.

Also described in Lily Kay, Molecules, Cells, and Life

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Rowland, Henry A. (1848-1901)
Physicist. APS 1896.
Scrapbook. Film. 1 reel.

From Hiss Harriette H. Rowland, Baltimore, 1966. Clippings about Rowland's career at Johns Hopkins University, his inventions, lectures, public services, and family events.

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Royal Botanic Gardens, Calcutta
Index, ca.1830.

Founded in 1787, the Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta, was the leading center for botanical investigation in the English South Asian colonies. The Index lists plants held at the Botanic Gardens in about 1830, arranged alphabetically by indigenous name. Recorded in fourteen languages, with Latin binomial equivalents, the volume also makes note of those species described by the former superintendent of the Garden, William Roxburgh, and includes a few flattened specimens between the pages.

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Royal Society of Arts, London
Selected materials relating to America, 1754-1806. Film. 2 reels.

From Royal Society of Arts, London. Principal correspondents include:

• William Alexander, earl of Stirling
• Edward Antill
• Nathaniel Appleton
• Francis Bernard
• Charles Carter of Cleve
• Thomas Clap
• Thomas Cushing
• Jared Eliot
• Lewis Evans
• Benjamin Franklin
• Benjamin Gale
• Alexander Garden
• Thomas Gilpin
• Jared Ingersoll
• Benjamin Lincoln
• Jonathan Mayhew
• Samuel More
• John Mervin Nooth
• Joseph Ottolenghe
• Thomas Paine
• William Shipley
• William Tatham
• Benjamin West
• Charles Woodmason

Also included are extracts from minutes and committee reports.

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Royal Society of London
Minutes of the Council, 1747/8-1810. Film. 4 reels.

From the Royal Society.

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Royal Society of London
Letters and communications from Americans, 1662-1900. Film. 10 reels.

From the Royal Society. Letters from and to Americans (including South America and the West Indies) and about America, selected from the Society's manuscripts (Classified Papers, Letter Books, Letters and Papers, Royal Society Letters, Miscellaneous Correspondence, and other official groups) and from collections of private papers (Sir Charles Blagden, William Buckland, John Canton, Sir John F. W. Herschel, Sir Edward Sabine, and others), ranging in time and character from John Winthrop, Jr., A Description of the Artifice & Making of Tarr & Pitch in New England, 1662, to letters from Sir Thomas Edward Thorne to his wife describing the American West, where he was on a surveying party in the 1880s.

Unpublished papers by the following individuals are in some of the early collections:

• Thomas Banister
• Thomas Brattle
• William Burnet
• Mark Catesby
• John Churchman
• John Clayton
• Peter Collinson
• Paul Dudley
• Isaac Greenwood
• Nehemiah Grew
• Hugh Jones
• Richard Lewis
• Cotton Mather
• Alexander Moray
• Joseph Morgan
• Christopher Middleton
• Francis Nicholson
• Thomas Robie
• Wait Winthrop
• Christopher Witt

In the Blagden papers are letters from:

• William Bingham
• Robert Fulton
• Rufus King
• Arthur Lee
• Andrew Merry
• William Pepperell
• Benjamin Thompson, Count Rumford
• Benjamin Vaughan
• Robert Walsh

In the papers of Sir Edward Sabine are letters from Louis Agassiz, Alexander D. Bache, George P. Bond, Joseph Henry, J. Peter Lesley, Elias Loomis, Charles Smallwood, and Charles Wilkes.

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Royal Society of London
Miscellaneous letters and documents, ca. 1642-1818. 81 items. Film. 1 reel.

This collection, copied from originals at the Royal Society of London, pertains to American Philosophical Society members and associations. Some of the subjects discussed are: astronomy, botany, electricity, natural history. There is also, for example, Roger Curtis's Journal of the Moravian Mission to Labrador (137 pp.).

Correspondents include:

• John Bartram
• Mark Catesby
• Cadwallader Colden
• Peter Collinson
• John Eliot
• Benjamin Franklin
• James Logan
• Humphry Marshall
• James Monroe
• Joseph Morgan
• Thomas Paine
• Thomas Pennant
• Hugh Williamson
• John Winthrop

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Royale, Joseph
Colonial printer
Account book, 1764-1766. ca. 460 pp. Photocopy.

Royale was a Williamsburg printer. From the original at the University of Virginia.

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Rush, Benjamin (1746-1813)
Physician, patriot, humanitarian. APS 1768.
Commonplace book, 1792-1813. 1 vol. (373 pp.).

Printed in George W. Corner, ed., The Autobiography of Benjamin Rush: His "Travels through Life," Together with His Commonplace Book for 1789-1813, APS Memoirs 25 (Philadelphia, 1948).

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Rush, Benjamin (1746-1813)
Correspondence, 1759-1813. 5 boxes. Photocopies.

Collected by Lyman H. Butterfield for his Letters of Benjamin Rush, APS Memoirs 30 (2 vols., Philadelphia, 1951).

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Rush, Benjamin (1746-1813)
Memorable facts, events, opinions, thoughts, & c., 1789-1791. Photocopies, ca. 100 items.

Selections from the original manuscript in Library Company of Philadelphia, where it is a portion of a volume entitled, "Letters, facts, and observations upon a variety of subjects." Printed in George W. Corner, ed., The Autobiography of Benjamin Rush, cited above.

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Rush, Benjamin (1746-1813)
Memorandum book, 1805-1813. 1 vol. (89 pp.).

Notes on lands owned and sold and on leases of Philadelphia houses; accounts with Daphne Peterson, a free Negro, Mary Spence of Dunfermline, and Baynard Hall; list of books lent; list of those receiving copies of Rush's publications, 1805-1806, among whom was Thomas Jefferson; and an "account of property belonging to the estate."

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Rush, Benjamin (1746-1813)
Travels through life: or an account of sundry incidents and events in the life of Benjamin Rush... written for the use of his children, 1800. 8 vols. (ca. 494 pp.).

The ninth surviving volume of his autobiography is in the Library Company of Philadelphia. The complete Travels have been edited by George W. Corner, The Autobiography of Benjamin Rush, cited above.

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Rush, Benjamin (1746-1813)
Lectures upon the mind. Film. 1 reel.

From the College of Physicians of Philadelphia

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Rush, James (1786-1869)
Physician and psychologist. APS 1827.
Cards of admission to medical lectures, 1807 16. 17 items. Photocopies.

Cards of admission to lectures at the University of Pennsylvania, St. George's Hospital, London, and Edinburgh University. On the back of several Rush has written sharp comments on the lecturers. The originals are in Library Company of Philadelphia; the notes have been edited and printed by Whitfield J. Bell, Jr., "Dr. James Rush on his... Teachers," Journal of the History of Medicine 19 (1964): 419-421.

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Rush, Julia (1759-1848)
Letters, 1776-1809. 20 items.

Letters written by Julia Rush, wife of Benjamin Rush, mainly to her husband, with one to Samuel Stockton and one to Mary Rush. Eight letters were written during the 1793 yellow fever epidemic. The letters are not included in Lyman Butterfield's edition of Benjamin Rush's letters, vol. 30 of APS Memoirs (1951).

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Rush, Samuel (1795-1859)
Lawyer, recorder of Philadelphia, son of Benjamin Rush
Notebook, 1859. 1 vol. (ca. 116 pp.).

Contains short, generally splenetic essays on public singers ("the Mountebanks of the Voice"), the embarrassments of public men (Daniel E. Sickles and Philip Barton Key), songs, wit, wealth, suicide, Benjamin Rush, "that little sneak Kossuth," and modern authors ("the present wretches of the pen").

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Rush, Samuel (1795-1859)
Occasional Glimpses at the World, 1824. 1 vol. (156 pp.).

Rush makes caustic comments on persons and events of that time, mentioning Robert Walsh, John Vaughan, Lafayette, James Rush, Peter S. Du Ponceau, William Currie, etc. He comments on the Franklin Institute and the Wistar Party of the American Philosophical Society, as well.

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Russell, Francis Albert Rollo (1849-1914)
British meteorologist
Papers, 1858-1928. ca. 60 items.

The collection is primarily professional letters written to Russell, but there are also a few letters from his wife and a few by him. There is also an autobiographical letter written by Russell. Most of the correspondence pertains to the Royal Meteorological Society, snow crystals, dew, frost, hail, fog, etc. Russell had wide-ranging interests, however, and some of his non-scientific concerns appear in the letters. Some of the correspondents are Sir Richard Owen, John Tyndall, Alfred Russel Wallace, and William Turner Thistleton-Dyer.

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Russell, Richard Joel (1895-1971)
Geologist, geographer.
Papers, ca. 1930s-1971. ca. 5,000 items. (6 lin. ft.).

This collection includes correspondence, lectures, notebooks, reports, photographs, maps. Russell's original research made him an authority on desert climates and landforms, the Mississippi and other deltas, and the coasts of the world as well as beach rock. He came to Louisiana State University in 1928, where he created the Department of Geography, and he remained there all his academic life. Thus, there is much in his papers concerning the department, as well as faculty and research concerns and other needs of the university. Material on the geology and geography of Louisiana, as well as the region, is presented. Of particular note are the numerous reports (geological survey maps, photos, description of Indian sites, recommendations) he undertook as a scientific investigator in legal cases involving water-land properties in Louisiana disputed by the State, oil companies, and railroads. There is also material on his 1952 fieldwork in Morocco and Turkey for the Geography Branch of the Office of Naval Research.

Among the correspondents are:

• Harold N. Fish
• Wellington D. Jones
• Andrew C. Lawson
• George D. Louderbach
• H. L. Mencken
• James P. Morgan
• Albrecht Penck
• W. Armstrong Price
• Chalmer J. Roy
• Carol O. Sauer
• Hilgard O'Reilly Sternberg
• C. Warren Thornthwaite

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Rutherford, Sir Ernest, 1st baron (1871-1937)
Physicist. APS 1904.
Correspondence. Film. 6 reels.

From originals (ca. 3400 letters) in the Cambridge University Library. For a listing of correspondents, see Lawrence Badash, compiler, Rutherford Correspondence Catalog (New York, 1974).

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Rutherford, Sir Ernest, 1st baron (1871-1937)
Letters, 1904-1924. ca. 300 items. Photocopy.

These are letters from Rutherford to Bertram Borden Boltwood, the Yale University chemist who worked with Rutherford on his scientific pursuit of radioactivity and the structure of the atom. There is much information in the letters relative to professional activities and colleagues.

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Rutledge, Anna Wells (1907- )
Historian
Notes on portraits at the American Philosophical Society, ca. 1961. ca. 5000 items.

These are the working papers used by Rutledge for her published guide, Catalogue of Portraits... American Philosophical Society (1961).

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Rutty, John (1698-1775)
Quaker physician.
Letters to William Clark, 1732-1774. (60 items). Film. 1 reel.

From Friends' Reference Library, London. Letters to a physician in London and Bradford, Wilts.

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Rüze, C. F.
Grundsätze der teutschen landwirthschaft vorgetragen von Johann Beckmann, ca.1810 1 vol. (177p.). In German.

One of the broadest scholarly minds at the University of Göttingen during the eighteenth century, Johann Beckmann helped establish the theoretical basis for scientific agriculture in Germany and pioneered a rational approach to technological innovation and government.

The "Grundsätze der teutschen landwirthschaft" consists of exceptionally detailed notes kept by the otherwise unidentified C. F. Rüze on two well known works by the Göttingen scholar, Johann Beckmann. Organized page by page, apparently as Rüze worked his way through Beckmann's book, these are divided into two sections: "Einleitung in die teuchtschen Landwirthschaft überhaupt" (90p.), which are observations on Grundsätze der Teutschen Landwirtschaft, and "Policey und Cameralwissenschaft" (87p.), which refers to Beckmann's Beyträge zur Oekonomie, Technologie, Polizey und Camaralwissenschaft.

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