Titian Ramsay Peale Sketches
1817-1875
(ca.480 items)

B P31.15d

© American Philosophical Society
105 South Fifth Street * Philadelphia, PA 19106-3386
 American Philosophical Society 105 South Fifth Street Philadelphia, PA 19106-3386
Table of contents Abstract
The youngest son of Charles Willson Peale, Titian Ramsay Peale was an accomplished artist, naturalist, and explorer. This collection of ink, pencil, and watercolor sketches, with some engravings and lithographs, forms the bulk of Peale's artistic output. The drawings can be grouped into several periods of artistic output: pre-1818 (primarily watercolors of butterflies); from the Stephen Harriman Long Expedition to the American west in 1819-1820, on which Peale traveled as zoologist (there are views of animals, Indians, landscapes, etc.); for his 1821-1838 interlude period, spent primarily on the east coast (insects, animals, moose hunting in Marine, his trip to South America in 1830-1831, coin and medal designs); his period as a naturalist on the worldwide U.S. Exploring Expedition under the command of Charles Wilkes, 1838-1842; from the 1849-1873 period when he sketched around Washington, D. C. and in New Jersey; and there are more than 160 undated sketches of: animal skulls and bones, birds, plants, fish, insects, landscapes, and zoology.
Background note
The youngest son of Charles Willson Peale was born in Philosophical Hall in November 1799 and given the name Titian Ramsay Peale, after a brother who had died in the yellow fever epidemic of 1798. Educated primarily at home, the young Titian Peale took advantage of his family connections to meet some of America's most prominent naturalists and to attend Caspar Wistar's lectures in anatomy at the University of Pennsylvania. A precocious boy, he was apprenticed out at 13 to learn machine manufacturing, but soon returned to take part in the family business, the Philadelphia Museum, learning how to preserve natural historical specimens and take part in management of the museum.

Having inherited his father's artistic, as well as scientific inclinations, Titian Peale began to contribute as an scientific illustrator while still in his teens. His first professional work of note, the six colored plates for the prospectus to Thomas Say's American Entomology (Philadelphia : Mitchell & Ames, 1817), won him a measure of acclaim and election to the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. More importantly, it opened the door to further work in natural history. In December of that year, he joined Say, George Ord, and William Maclure on an expedition to the coastal regions of Georgia and Florida, and in 1819, his father helped arrange a spot for him as assistant naturalist on Stephen Harriman Long's expedition to the Rocky Mountains, a particularly productive venture. With Say, George Jessup, and Edwin James, among others, the Long party traveled up the Missouri River in the steamboat Western Engineer, before heading up west along the Platte to the front range of the Rockies. They are credited with being the first scientific surveyors of the region.

Upon returning to Philadelphia in 1821, Peale resumed work at the Philadelphia Museum, completing his field drawings and preparing the specimens collected on the expedition. His artistic output rapidly expanded. Peale executed several drawings of new American birds for Charles Lucien Bonaparte's supplement to Alexander Wilson's American Ornithology (Philadelphia, 1825-1833), and was hired by Say to prepare 54 colored plates for a three-volume American Entomology (Philadelphia: Philadelphia Museum, 1824-1828). He exhibited four watercolors at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts in 1822, three from his Long Expedition work, and the fourth of butterflies.

Scientific exploration continued to be a focus for Peale throughout the 1820s and 1830s. In 1825, he returned to south Florida, and from the fall of 1830 through the spring of 1832, he toured the Magdalena River, Colombia, sketching and collecting huge numbers of butterflies and other specimens. His endeavors on these expeditions and his artistic work, more than his relatively few publications, won him election to the American Philosophical Society in 1833 at the young age of 34. The crowning achievement of his career as a naturalist, however, could well have come with his work as assistant naturalist aboard Charles Wilkes' United States Exploring Expedition (1838-1842). A circumnavigation of the globe that included stops at places as far flung as Fiji and the Philippines, the northwest Pacific Coast and California, the Wilkes Expedition was one of the most ambitious American expeditions of the mid-century.

Unfortunately for Peale, the Wilkes Expedition was to be a disappointment. A shipwreck in the mouth of the Columbia River cost him his most important specimens, and upon his return to Philadelphia, friction erupted between Peale and Wilkes over credit for the scientific discoveries and publication plans. Peale's Mammalia and Ornithology (Philadelphia: C. Sherman, 1848) appeared in a limited edition in 1848, but was later suppressed by Wilkes, with John Cassin's Mammalogy and Ornithology (Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1858) taking its place.

After these experiences and a period of difficulty supporting his family as an artist or naturalist, Peale took a position as an assistant examiner in the U.S. Patent Office in 1849. Though never free of the usual political intrigues associated with a governmental post, he remained in the Patent Office until his retirement in 1873.

During this last portion of his career, Peale continued painting, but took strong interest in photography, both in his work at the Patent Office and outside, and he became a founding member of the Amateur Photographic Exchange Club, the first club of its sort in the United States. His desire to produce a massively illustrated work on the butterflies of North America became his scientific focus, however it was never completed and never made it to press. Peale died in Philadelphia in 1885.


Scope and content
The Titian Ramsay Peale Sketches consist of about 550 pencil drawings, pen and ink sketches, watercolor paintings, and lithographs representing the bulk of Peale's artistic work throughout his career.

Beginning with a series of entomological sketches made for Thomas Say's prospectus when he was 17, the collection includes a particularly strong suite of sketches made on the Long Expedition (1819-1821), less thorough documentation of his expedition to South America (1830-1832) and as a member of the U.S. Exploring Expedition (1838-1842), and a few samples of his work for other naturalists, including Charles Lucien Bonaparte and Thomas Say, and for U.S. mint (1835-1836). There is relatively little to show for Peale's work after the end of the Wilkes Expedition, apart from a few sketches of bison from the 1870s and a series eight small oil paintings of Seven Mile Beach, New Jersey, 1873, and two oils of forest scenes.

Arrangement
The sketches are arranged in chronological order, with undated work placed at the end.

Administrative information
Restrictions
None.

Provenance
Acquired in accessions in 1955, 1956, and 1981.

Preferred citation
Cite as: Titian Ramsay Peale Sketches, American Philosophical Society.

Processing information
Recatalogued by rsc, 2001.

Alternate formats
Images of most sketches are available for purchase by contacting the Manuscripts Department. Black and white 8x10" photographic prints are $15.00; 4x5" color transparencies are $40.00 (transparencies must be returned within six months). Postage and handling and publication fees may also apply.

Additional information
Related material
The APS houses numerous manuscript collections relating to Titian Ramsay Peale, his father, Charles Willson Peale, and brothers, Rubens, Rembrandt, Raphaelle, and James, and many other members of the Peale and Sellers families.

References
The papers of Charles Willson Peale and his family have been reproduced almost in their entirety in microfiche form in Lillian B. Miller, ed. Collected Papers of Charles Willson Peale and his Family (Kraus Microfilm, 1980).

Jessie J. Poesch, Titian Ramsay Peale, 1799-1885 : and his journals of the Wilkes Expedition. Memoirs of the American Philosophical Society 28 and 52 (Philadelphia: APS, 1961). Call no.: 506.73 Am4me v.52

Kenneth Haltmann, Figures in a western landscape : reading the art of Titian Ramsay Peale from the long expedition to the Rocky Mountains, 1819-1820 (Diss., Yale University, 1992). Call no.: 759.13 H16f

Index term Reference number
Advocate of Science & the Annals of Natural History 235
Albatross 261, 264, 313, 314, 321
Andes (South America) 266
Antarctic 296
Antelope 98, 99, 100, 101, 194, 195, 196, 453, 461
Argus carryntas 2, 4
Badgers 52
Bangor (Me.) 208
Bats 146, 147, 249
Bears 123, 174, 204, 205, 206, 207
Bighorn sheep 162, 163, 501, 502, 503, 504, 505, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510, 511, 512
Birds (otherwise unidentified) 7, 40, 41a, 1, 84, 85, 86, 7, 88, 89, 90, 91, 95, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 119, 120, 124, 125, 126, 127, 142a, 173, 177, 182, 183, 186b, 194b, 220, 221, 222, 231, 232, 234, 236, 237, 238, 239, 241a, 242, 243, 248, 255, 257, 258, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 271, 272, 273, 274, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 288, 289, 292, 318, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 347, 348, 349, 350, 351, 352, 353, 354, 355, 365, 376-403, 444, 445, 446, 454, 455
Bison 62, 3, 4, 5, 66, 67, 69a, 69b, 0, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, l92, 193, 447
Blackbird 95, 395
Bobcat 148, 149a, 149b, 150a, 150b, 151
Bobwhite 376, 377, 378
Bogota, New Grenada (Colombia) 225a
Bonaparte, C. L. (Am. Ornithology) 175, 176, 177, 183, 231, 232
Booby, Red-footed 274
Botany 366, 367, 407, 413, 414, 415, 416, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 427, 428, 442 518, 519, 530
Brazil 249, 250
Butterflies and moths (see also Insects, Caterpillars) 2, 4, 8, 1, 12, 13, 6, 17, 18, 0, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 1, 32, 141, 233a-h, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 409, 432
Buttonwood tree 4
Cabinet of Natural History and American Rural Sports 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 222
Cactus flower 8
Caiacaia 353
Camera lucida 201a&b, 495
Canoe 209, 287
Cassin, John. Mammalogy and Ornithology 252a, 345, 346, 158
Castle 520, 523b
Caterpillars 9, 14, 15, 19, 0, 21, 22, 24, 25, 29, 30, 1, 406
Cattle 462, 463
Ceratomia quadricornis 0
Charleston Museum (Charleston, S.C.) 382
Chickens 379
Childs & Inman (lithographers) 447, 449
Childs & Lehman (lithographers) 453
Chipmunks 114, 115, 169
Chrysalis and cocoons 13, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 1, 432
Cicadas (see also Insects) 136
Circular of the Philadelphia Museum 450
Coins and medals 230, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 242 , 243
Columba oceania 280
Condor 221, 402
Cook, James 297, 298
Cormorant 288
Coyotes 66b, 152, 153, 154
Cranes, Sandhill 86, 7, 88
Craven, Thomas T. 259, 260
Cuckoo, Blackbilled 380
Cutright, Paul. Lewis & Clark 163
Darley, Felix Octavius Carr (artist) 486
Deer 5, 56, 57, 155, 156, 157, 158, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 235, 374, 464, 465, 466, 467, 468, 469, 470, 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 483, 484, 485, 486
Deer, Black tail 158, 235
Dogs 97, 144b
Dogwood, Swamp 406
Dolphin 252
Drayton, Joseph (artist) 347, 348, 349, 350, 351, 352, 353, 354, 355
Duck 381, 382, 383, 401
Duck, Ringnecked 401
Eagle 236, 237, 238, 239, 241a, 242, 243
Eider 355
Elephant 487
Engineer Cantonment 59, 60, 1, 84, 86, 89, 91
Engravings 51, 163, 178a, 178b, 178c, 178d-m, 379, 386, 448
Ermine 170
Fawn 5, 57
Fiji 290
Finch 384, 385, 394
Florida 179, 185
Flowers (otherwise unidentified) 35, 6, 8, 118, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 368, 404, 405, 406, 408, 409, 411, 412, 420a, 425, 427
Flying Fish (ship) 337, 339, 340
Fort Sutter (Calif.) 316a, 316b
Fox 9, 50, 51, 159, 267
Frigate-bird 273, 386
Gallinule 317, 387
Gallinule, American purple 387
Gazelle 194, 195, 196
Geese 257, 318
Goats 488, 489
Goldfinch 183
Gopher 4
Grasshopper 224
Grouse, Heath 391, 392
Grouse, Ruffled 388, 389, 390
Gull 173, 322, 350
Gull, Black-headed 322
Hawaii 293, 294, 295, 297, 298
Hawks 1
Honeysuckle 408
Hummingbird 445, 446
Hunting 66a, 67a, 69a, 69b, 0, 81, 82, 220, 318
Ibis, Glossy 231, 232
Iguana 229
Indians 66a, 66b, 67a, 67b, 68a, 68b, 69a, 69b, 0, 6, 117, 209, 213, 214, 215
Insects (see also Butterflies and Moths) 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140
Kestrel 125
Key West (Fla.) 185
Landscapes 5, 142a, 142b, 143, 144a, 144b, 145, 225a, 278, 293, 294, 295, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 364, 365, 368, 434, 435a, 436, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441a, 443
Lizards 223, 229
Llamas 270
Magpie 103, 104
Mastodon 171
Mauna Loa 293, 294, 295
Meliphagid 283
Merlin 329
Mice 146, 160
Mink 170
Missouri River 5, 59, 60, 1, 84, 86, 89, 91
Mole, Brewer's 7, 48
Mole, Star-nose 181
Moles 7, 48, 179, 180, 181, 184
Monarch butterfly 6, 17, 233c
Monkey 401
Moose 217, 218, 219, 448, 492, 493, 494, 495, 496, 497, 498
Mounds--Peru 268, 269
Mourning-cloak butterfly 18
Mouse, Field 146
Mule deer 235
Muskrats 161
New Jersey 220, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 364, 365, 368, 435a
Ostrich 393
Oto Indians 6
Otter 3
Owl 119
Oystercatcher 351
Pamphila verna 3
Papilio asterios 13
Parrots 396, 445, 446
Peacock (ship) 315
Peale, Titian Ramsay (self portrait) 457
Pelican 90, 91, 323, 397
Pelican, American white 323, 397
Penguin 289
Penobscot Indians 209, 213, 214, 215
Phalarope, Wilson's 177
Philippines 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 319, 320
Pigeon 126, 255, 279, 280, 281, 284, 292, 398
Pigeon, Copper beaked 398
Plover 176, 177
Polar bear 204, 205, 206, 207
Porpoise (ship) 338, 339
Potomac River 357
Prairie hen 399
Prairie dog 102
Prisoners--Philippines 303, 304, 305, 306
Quail 376, 377, 378, 400
Rabbits 244, 245, 499
Rail 352
Ram 500
Rats 53
Salamander 149b, 150b
Sandpiper 94, 177, 231, 232, 330, 331
Sandpiper, Pectorial 231, 232
Saneriuthus juglaredis 22
Santiago (Chile) 267
Saturnia drury 12
Saturnia promethea 233d, e
Say, Thomas. Am. Entomology 178a, 178b, 178c, 178d-m
Scissor tailed flycatcher 124
Sea Gull (ship) 256
Seagull 234
Seven Mile Beach (N.J.) 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 364, 365, 368
Shearwater 282, 348, 349
Sheep 501, 502, 503, 504, 505, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510, 511, 512
Shells 3, 34
Ships (see also names of ships) 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 435b
Shrew mole 179, 180, 184
Skunks 513
Snails 3, 449
Snakes 111
Snipe, Red-breasted 231, 232
Snowy plover 324
South America 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229
Spears 228a
Sphinx sordida 14, 15
Squirrel (see also Chipmunks) 46, 112, 113, 114, 116, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169
Steamboats 9, 59, 60, 122, 143
Storm petrel 262, 263
Storm petrel, Wilson's 347
Swallow 108, 109
Swan 332
Tahiti 215-278, 282, 285, 286, 291
Tanager, Scarlet 85
Taunoa 291
Tern, Black-footed 325, 326
Terns 1, 7, 248, 271, 272, 325, 326, 327
Tiebout, Cornelius (engraver) 178
Tierra del Fuego (Orange Bay) 260
Title Pages 1, 450, 529
Toucan 328
Tulip tree 409
Turkey 40
United Bowman (insignia) 451, 452
Violet, White 35, 6
Vulture 221, 402
Wagon 531
Walker, William M. 251
Warbler 182a
Washington, William 456
Weasels 514
Western Engineer (ship) 9, 59, 60, 143
Wilkes, Charles. Narrative... 297
Willet 333
Wolf 92, 3, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 259, 260, 266, 345, 346, 515, 516, 517
Wolf, Brown 198, 199
Woodchuck 43
Woodpecker 403
Xanthidia lisa 233g

Added entries
Subjects
  • American bison--Pictorial works
  • Animals--Pictorial works
  • Antelopes--Pictorial works
  • Birds--Pictorial works
  • Botany--Pictorial works
  • Butterflies--Pictorial works
  • Caterpillars--Pictorial works
  • Coin design
  • Deer--Pictorial works
  • Fishes--Pictorial works
  • Indians of North America--Pictorial works
  • Insects--Pictorial works
  • Landscape drawing
  • Moose--Pictorial works
  • Natural history
  • New Jersey--Pictorial works
  • Ornithology--Pictorial works
  • Philippines--Pictorial works
  • South America--Pictorial works
  • Squirrels--Pictorial works
  • Stephen H. Long Expedition to the Rocky Mountains (1819-1820)
  • United States Exploring Expedition (1838-1842)
  • Washington (D.C.)--Pictorial works
  • West (U.S.)--Pictorial works
  • Wolves--Pictorial works
  • Zoology--Pictorial works

    • Contributors
  • Peale, Titian Ramsay, 1799-1885

    • Genre terms
  • Engravings
  • Lithographs
  • Sketches

    		•
    Contact information
    American Philosophical Society
    105 South Fifth Street
    Philadelphia, PA 19106-3386
    [http://www.amphilsoc.org/]

    ©2001


    Detailed inventory

    		 1. "Lepidoptera and seas(on) of appearance" [1817] Pencil

    		2. Argus carryntas (Butterfly) [1817] Pencil

    		3. Pamphila verna (Moths) [1817] Watercolor




    		4. Argus carryntas (Butterfly) [1817] Watercolor

    		5. Three insects [1817] Watercolor, pencil

    		6. Insect [1817] Watercolor

    		7. Gnophria vittata (insect) [1817] Watercolor

    		8. Moth "Caught on 21st of' Aug." [1817] Watercolor

    		9. Caterpillar "Drawn on 22nd of' Aug." [1817] Watercolor

    		10. Callimorpha interrupto-marginata (insect) [1817] Watercolor

    		11. Butterflies [1817] Watercolor




    		12. Saturnia drury 14 Aug. (moth) [1817] Watercolor

    		13. Papilio asterios and chrysalis, Aug. 23 [1817] Watercolor, pencil

    		14. Sphinx sordida (Caterpillar) [1817] Watercolor

    		15. Sphinx sordida (Caterpillar) [1817] Pencil

    		16. Monarch Butterfly 1817 Watercolor




    		17. Monarch Butterfly, "near Germantown " [1817] Watercolor

    		18. Mourning cloak Butterfly [1817] Watercolor

    		19. Two caterpillars [1817] Watercolor

    		20. Ceratomia quadricornis (Caterpillar) [1817] Watercolor




    		21. Two caterpillars [1817] Watercolor

    		22. Saneriuthus juglaredis (Caterpillar) [1817] Watercolor

    		23. Chrysalis, " Sept. 26 1817" 1817 Watercolor

    		24. Yellow moth, cocoon and caterpillar [1817] Watercolor, pencil

    		25. Moth, cocoon and caterpillar [1817] Watercolor, pencil

    		26. Chrysalis and butterfly [1817] Watercolor, pencil

    		27. Moth [1817] Watercolor

    		28. Cocoon on leaf "Drawn September 1817" 1817 Watercolor

    		29. Bushy caterpillar "16th Sept. 1817" 1817 Watercolor

    		30. Caterpillar on leaf, "24th of Sept." [1817] Watercolor

    		31. Caterpillar and chrysalis, "24th of Sept." [1817] Watercolor, pencil




    		32. Butterfly profile [1817] Pencil

    		33. Shell, "Cincinatti (Ohio)" 1819 May 13 Watercolor




    		34. Shell [18l9 May] Watercolor

    		35. White violet, "Indiana..." 1819 May 25 Watercolor

    		36. White violet, "Indiana..." 1819 May 25 Watercolor




    		37. Sterna minuta (Tern) 1819 May 28 Watercolor




    		38. Cactus flower [1819 May] Watercolor




    		39. Western Engineer (Steamboat) 1819 Ink & wash




    		40. Turkey, "length 4 feet 8 inches" 1819 June 3 Watercolor

    		41a. Sparrow sp. "Belle fontaine ... Male 1819 June 23 Watercolor, pencil




    		41b. Landscape [1819 June 23] Watercolor

    		42. Catfish, "Cold water creek" 1819 June 23 Watercolor

    		43. Monax (Woodchuck) 1819 July 5 Pencil & ink

    		44. Pocket Gopher, "Arrow Rock [Missouri]" 1819 July 21 Watercolor, pencil




    		45. "Sunset on the Missouri 370 miles..." 1819 July 28 Watercolor O.S.




    		46. Squirrel [Note: Described as Sciurus niger in T.R.P. Ms. at Am. Museum of. Nat. History] 1819 Sept. 5 Ink & Pencil

    		47. Brewer's mole & vole 1819 Oct. 18 Ink & pencil




    		48. Brewer's mole & vole [1819] Watercolor, ink




    		49. Fox 1819 Oct. Pencil & ink




    		50. Fox 1819 Oct. Watercolor

    		51. Fox [1819 Oct.] Engraving

    		52. Badgers [1819] Watercolor




    		53. Wood Rat [see James, vol. 1, 52] [1819] Pencil

    		54. Buttonwood (Tree), "Louisville Kenty" 1819 Pencil




    		55. Fawn, "Engineer Cantonment [Missouri River] 1820 Feb. Pencil




    		56. Deer, "Hind foot" 1820 Feb. Watercolor

    		57. Fawn [1820] Watercolor O.S.

    		58. Trout ? (fish) 1820 Feb. Watercolor

    		59. Engineer Cantonment [Missouri River] 1820 Feb. Pencil

    		60. Engineer Cantonment [Missouri River] 1820 Feb. Pencil




    		61. "Birds No. 1 Engineer Cant." F. lagopus (hawk) 1820 Feb. Watercolor, pencil




    		62. Young Buffalo Bull 1820 Feb. Pencil

    		63. Cows (Bison heads) 1820 Feb. Watercolor, pencil




    		64. Bison (male) "Little Sioux River" 1820 Feb. Pencil




    		65. Bison Bulls 1820 Feb. Watercolor




    		66a. Indian shooting Bison [1820 Feb.] Pencil

    		66b. Bison attacked by coyotes [1820 Feb.] Pencil

    		67a. Indian bison hunt [1820 Feb.] Pencil

    		67b. Bison [1820 Feb.] Pencil

    		68a. Indian on horseback [1820 Feb.] Watercolor, pencil




    		68b. Indian girl and burro & Indian on horseback [1820 Feb.] Watercolor, pencil

    		69a. Braves on horseback [1820 Feb.] Pencil




    		69b. Man, horse & bison [1820 Feb.] Pencil

    		70. Bison hunt 1820 [Feb.] Watercolor, ink




    		71. Bison, racing left n.d. Pencil

    		72. Bison, front view n.d. Pencil

    		73. Two bison n.d. Pencil

    		74. Three bison n.d. Pencil

    		75. Two bison n.d. Pencil

    		76. Bison, facing left n.d. Pencil Extra OS

    		77. Bison, facing right n.d. Pencil O.S.

    		78. Bison, facing left n.d. Pencil O.S.

    		79. Bison, grazing n.d. Pencil O.S.

    		80a. Two bison, dying n.d. Pencil

    		80b. Sketch of unidentified mechanical object n.d. Pencil

    		81. Buffalo Kill (See Poesch, p.109, fig.48) (c.1873) Pencil Extra OS

    		82. Buffalo Hunt on River Platte (Poesch, p.109) (c.1873) Pencil Extra OS

    		83. River Otter 1820 Feb. Pencil




    		84. Sparrow sp. "Engineer Cant" 1820 March Watercolor, pencil

    		85. Scarlet tanager 1820 Watercolor




    		86. Sandhill Cranes "Engineer Cantonment" 1820 March Pencil

    		87. Sandhill Crane [1820 March] Watercolor O.S.




    		88. Sandhill Crane [1820 March] Watercolor




    		89. Wood Duck (head) "Engineer Cant " 1820 April Watercolor

    		90. American White Pelican [1820 April] Pencil

    		91. American White Pelican, "Engineer Cantt" 1820 April Pencil

    		92. Wolf devouring deer head 1820 April Pencil

    		93. Wolf devouring deer head 1820 [April] Watercolor




    		94. Sandpiper sp. 1820 May 5 Watercolor, pencil

    		95. Yellow headed Blackbird 1820 May 14 Watercolor

    		96. Ottoes (Siouan indian) 1820 May Watercolor




    		97. Indian dogs [1820 May] Watercolor, pencil