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Lalande, Joseph-Jérôme Le Français de (1732-1807)
French astronomer.
Voyage d'un François en Italie, fait dans les annés 1765 &1766. Paris, 1769. Printed.

This published copy has annotations and manuscript notes by Fougeroux de Bondaroy.

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Lamarck, Jean Baptiste Antoine de Monet de (1744 1829)
Zoologist.
Lamarck's Genera of Shells, Philadelphia, 1831. 1 vol. (111pp.).

This volume, prepared by Philip Houlbrooke Nicklin, was copied from portions of the London Quarterly Journal of Science Literature and the Arts and partly translated from the original. There is a short conchological introduction by Nicklin.

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Lamaute, Marie Florence
André Michaux et son exploration en Amérique du Nord, 1785-1796. 257 pp., illus. Photocopy.

Master's thesis, University of Montreal, 1981.

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Lancaster, Pennsylvania
Act of Incorporation, 1742. 18 pp.

This is a copy of the deed, issued by King George II and witnessed by George Thomas, Governor of Pennsylvania

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Landsteiner, Karl (1868-1943)
Medical researcher, Nobel laureate. APS 1935.
Biographical data. ca. 650 items.

Correspondence of Dr. George M. Mackenzie with friends and associates of Landsteiner; memoranda of conversations; notes and recollections of Landsteiner by Thomas M. Rivers, 1944-1952, and by Max Neuberger; Landsteiner's departmental reports at Rockefeller Institute, 1923-1943; correspondence on publications. There is much material on immunology, the study of blood, the Nobel award,1930, anti-Semitism, the Vienna medical schools, etc.

Also described in Lily Kay, Molecules, Cells, and Life

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Langdon, Margaret H.
Collector.
Diegueno texts, n.d. Recording. 3 reels.

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Langstroth, Lorenzo Lorraine (1810-1895)
Apiarist.
Papers, 1852-1895. ca. 300 items.

Principally on bees and beekeeping, especially his efforts to win legal recognition of his invention of the movable-frame beehive. There is also a fragment of autobiography and newspaper clippings. Correspondents include editors of bee journals, manufacturers and suppliers of materials for apiaries, and Charles P. Coffin, Thomas William Cowan, Charles Dadant, D. A. Jones, Charles V. Muth, and George W. York.

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Lankester, Edwin Ray (1847-1929)
British zoologist. APS 1903.
Letters, 1892-ca. 1903. 50 items.

These letters, which are mostly undated, concern natural history, spiritualism, his publications, lectures, and teaching.

Correspondents include:

• Frank Evers Beddard
• Charles Robert Darwin
• Sir James G. Frazer
• Aubrey Lackington Moore
• Sir James Paget
• George Ransome
• Philip Lutley Sclater
• Thomas Roscoe R. Stebbing
• Lady Harriet Thistleton-Dyer

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La Roche, René (1795-1872)
Philadelphia physician and epidemiologist. APS 1827.
Papers, 1827-1901. 35 items.

Passports, 1827; membership certificates; receipts; family letters; 20 letters to La Roche from Thomas Dunn and Ayres P. Merrill on scientific, medical, and personal topics.

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Larrey, Dominique Jean, baron (1766-1842)
Military surgeon. APS 1831.
Letters, 1818-1873. Film. 1 reel.

Letters addressed to him and to his nephew Baron Felix Hippolyte Larrey (1808-1895), chiefly from American medical personages. Correspondents include: Daniel Brainard, Charles P. Brigham, Robley Dunglison, Richard Willmott Hall, Felix Pascalis, and David Bailie Warden.

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Latrobe, Benjamin Henry (1764-1820)
Architect, engineer. APS 1799.
The Papers of Benjamin Henry Latrobe. Edward C. Carter II,editor. Microfiche. 300 fiche.

This includes the complete papers of Latrobe concerning his architectural and engineering career. It was published for the Maryland Historical Society by James T. White &Co., 1976.

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Laurens, Henry (1724-1792)
Merchant. APS 1772.
Papers, 1747-1882. Film. 19 reels &guide (4 pp.).

From original manuscripts in the South Carolina Historical Society.

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Laurent, Joseph
Abenaki historian.
New familiar Abenaki dialogues, read by Stephen Laurent, [1957]. Recording. 5 reels.

A reading of Joseph Laurent's New familiar . . ., 1884.

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Law Academy of Philadelphia
Opinion Book A: Opinions delivered before the Law Academy of Philadelphia by the provost and vice provost, 1820-1822. 1 vol.(174 pp.).

The opinions are signed by Peter S. Du Ponceau as provost. Founded in 1821, but actually a successor of earlier associations for legal education, and incorporated in 1838, the Law Academy provided students with the experience of moot courts; it also offered systematic instruction until 1850, when a professorship of law was established at the University of Pennsylvania.

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Lawrence, George Newbold (1806-1895)
Ornithologist.
Papers, ca. 1860s-1870s. ca. 600 items.

This collection contains professional and personal correspondence, as well as some personal business accounts. The topics mentioned range from general ornithology to specific birds, particularly of the West Indies and South America; bird illustrations and various publications; paleontology, and zoology.

The important correspondents are:

• Spencer F. Baird
• George A. Boardman
• Thomas Mayo Brewer
• Henry Bryant
• John Cassin
• Edward Drinker Cope
• Ruthuen Deane
• John Gould
• Joseph Henry
• James A. Hurst
• Antonio de Lacerda
• Joseph Leidy
• Grace Anne Lewis
• Charles J. Maynare
• John Strong Newberry
• Edward J. Nolan
• James A. Ogden
• James Orton
• Edward Palmer
• Edwin C. Prince
• Frederick Ward Putnam
• Robert Ridgeway
• Arthur Schott
• William P. Turnbull
• Charles A. Walker

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Lea, Isaac (1792-1886)
Geologist, publisher. APS 1828.
Journals, 1832, 1852-1853. 16 vols. (ca. 500 pp.). Photocopy.

Fifteen volumes of these "Notes of Travel" are Lea's account of his trips to Europe during these years. He met with naturalists, scientists, and did much sightseeing in England, France, Germany, Italy, and Austria. He records visits in detail and discussions with scientists, and makes sketches of many of the places he saw, particularly the Rhine river.

Restricted access. Not to be copied.

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Leacock, John (1729-1802)
Philadelphia silversmith
"Observations, experiments &c. extracted from the Philosophical Transactions respecting farming, gardening, &c.," 1768-1781. 1 vol. (58 pp.).

Having made his fortune as a goldsmith and silversmith, John Leacock (1729-1802) became one of Philadelphia's most energetic entrepreneurs in viticulture and a playwright and parodist in the cause of American Independence.

Despite bearing the title, "Observations, Experiments etc. extracted from the Philosophical Transactions respecting farming, gardening, etc.," the notebook kept by the silversmith, viticulturist, and writer, John Leacock, is actually a combination of commonplace book, notebook, and receipt book. Consisting of 58 folio pages, the book contains a hodgepodge of entries reflecting Leacock's varied interests from 1768 through at least 1781, including not only material copied from other sources on viticulture, agriculture, engraving and etching, but medicinal and culinary receipts, and two original poems, a "Song [of] the Stamp Act" and "A parody on the Tempest, by R. H. Esq."

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Le Boulanger, Jean Baptiste (1664-ca. 1724)
French missionary priest.
French and Miami-Illinois dictionary, ca. 1720. Photocopy.(185 pp.).

Texts of prayers, catechisms, selections from the Gospels, and a large part of the book of Genesis. From the original in the ohn Carter Brown Library.

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Lebour, George Alexander Louis (1847-1918)
British geologist.
Papers, 1852-1914. 0.25 linear feet.

Geologist George Alexander Louis Lebour was a minor figure in nineteenth century England. Educated at the Royal School of Mines, Lebour served as Professor of Geology at Durham College of Science and then Vice-Principal of Armstrong College, formerly Durham College of Science and presently University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne. He was most associated with his publication on the geology of Durham and Northumberland and he wrote more then 100 papers mainly on carboniferous geology, heat-conductivity of rocks, and the transfer of heat through the earth's crust.

The Lebour Papers are comprised of 0.25 linear feet of correspondence relating to Lebour's interest in the analysis and sharing of geological specimens, geological surveying, and underground temperatures. There are a few letters with the Geological Society of London and with Richard Howse, the curator of the Natural History museum of Newcastle-upon-Tyne regarding the loaning of specimens.

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Le Conte, John Eatton (1784-1860)
Engineer and naturalist. APS 1851.
Papers, 1816-1877. 86 items.

Primarily papers relating to the work of the United StatesArmy Corps of Topographical Engineers, with special reference tosurveys of harbors of the eastern United States seaboard; somepapers and letters relate to natural history and are addressed toJohn Lawrence Le Conte. Correspondents include Rutherford B.Hayes, Joseph Henry, Daniel Parker, and E. G. Squier.

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Le Conte, John Eatton (1784-1860)
Engineer and naturalist. APS 1851.
Entomological drawings, ca. 3,700 drawings in 8 vols.

These drawings are in color and in black and white; two in the first volume are by Titian R. Peale. There are some by John Abbot, and most likely by John Lawrence Le Conte.

The contents of the collection:

1. Coleoptera. 654 figures.
2. Diptera, Hemiptera, and Lepidoptera. 564 figures.
3. Coleoptera. 698 figures.
4. Coleoptera and Hymenoptera. 228 figures.
5. Coleoptera. 657 figures.
6. Hymenoptera and Diptera. 234 figures
7. Diptera. 304 figures.
8. Hemiptera, Araneina, Myripoda. 356 figures

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Le Conte, John Eatton (1784-1860)
Engineer and naturalist. APS 1851.
Correspondence with Thaddeus W. Harris and others. Film. 1 reel.

From Boston Society of Natural History and the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. There are letters to and from Harris, Frederick E. Melsheimer, Levi W. Leonard, Henry McMurtrie, Margaretta Hall Morris, and others, 1829-1851, chiefly on topics in natural history.

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Le Conte, John Eatton (1784-1860)
Engineer and naturalist. APS 1851.
Observations on the soil and climate of East Florida, 1822.Film.

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Le Conte, John Lawrence (1825-1883)
Entomologist, physician. APS 1853.
Papers, 1812-1897. ca. 1900 items.

Generally entomological material, with much information on the description and identification of particular insects, entomological collections, and the study of entomology in Europe and the United States. In addition, there are materials on medicine and hospitals during the American Civil War, on the Corps of Topographical Engineers, United States Army, on natural history in the United States, and on Le Conte's family life. Some letters relate to President Rutherford B. Hayes and the Commissionership of Agriculture, 1877. Letters of John Eatton LeConte and Joseph Le Conte are included.

Among the correspondents are:

• Alexander Agassiz
• Victor Audubon
• Alexander D. Bache
• Spencer F. Baird
• Frederick A. P. Barnard
• John Shaw Billings
• Lorin Blodget
• Henry Cadwalader Chapman
• Elliott Coues
• James Dwight Dana
• Anton Dohrin
• William H. Emory
• John Fries Frazer
• Horace H. Furness
• Benjamin Apthorp Gould
• Augustus Radcliffe Grote
• Herman August Hagen
• Samuel Stehman Haldeman
• James Hall
• Thaddeus William Harris
• Ferdinand V. Hayden
• Joseph Henry
• George Henry Horn
• Henry G. Hubbard
• Jean Théodore Lacordaire
• Leo Lesquereux
• Otis Tufton Mason
• F. E. Melsheimer
• Thomas C. Mendenhall
• George Ord
• Carl Robert von Osten-Sachen
• Benjamin Peirce
• Charles Valentine Riley
• Hermann Schaum
• Philip Lutley Sclater
• Eugene Amandus Schwartz
• Lewis Henry Steiner
• Henry Ulke
• Benjamin Dann Walsh
• Charles Wilkes

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Le Conte Family
Papers, 1827-1901. 42 items.

Principally letters from John Lawrence Le Conte, John Eatton Le Conte, Joseph Le Conte and Mrs. Jane Le Conte Harden to Mrs. Matilda Jane Harden Stevens, and also to Sumner Morrison Ramsey, Mrs. Ann Le Conte Stevens and Louis Le Conte, on both family matters and natural history.

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Lee, Arthur (1740-1792)
Physician, lawyer, diplomat. APS 1768.
Account of the robbery of the papers of Arthur Lee, American agent at Berlin, June 26, 1777. 1 vol. (44 pp.).

Proceedings (in German, with French translation) before the criminal Judge, of the Government of Prussia, in relation to the robbery of Dr. Lee's official papers, while Minister at that Court. The episode is described in Richard H. Lee, Life of Arthur Lee (Boston, 1829), 1: 96.

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Lee, Richard Henry (1732-1794)
Statesman
Papers, 1763-1823. (0.5 linear feet).

A politician and arch revolutionary, Richard Henry Lee was an impassioned supporter of American independence from the mid-1760s. Born into one of the most prominent families in the colony on January 20, 1732, Lee was bred to a political life, serving in the Virginia House of Burgesses during the Stamp Act and Non-importation crises, helping convey his state into the revolutionary camp. As a delegate to the Continental Congress, Lee was the first to officially move that a declaration of independence be drafted, and he ended his public career as a principled opponent of ratification of the Constitution and as Virginia's first U.S. Senator. He died at home in Virginia in June 1794.

A small, but highly valuable collection of correspondence, the papers of Richard Henry Lee document the political life and activities of one of the most ardent revolutionaries in Virginia. The 0.5 linear feet of letters (193 items), mostly addressed to Richard Henry Lee, are an important resource for study of pre-Revolutionary political agitation in Virginia, the increasing connections forged between the colonies, and the political course of the war. To a lesser degree the collection documents Lee's anti-federalist political beliefs in the 1780s. Among the major correspondents are Lee's brothers Arthur and William, and such political acquaintances as George Washington, Samuel Adams, Charles Lee, and Thomas Paine.

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Lee Family
Papers, 1742-1795. Film. 8 reels.

From originals in the University of Virginia.

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Lefèvre-Gineau, Louis (1751-1829)
French physicist.
Lectures on physics, [1801]. 33 pp.

Topics include, among others: climatology, inertia,electricity, and fluids.

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Leff, Barbara
The Black Coalition of Philadelphia, 1972. Typescript(Photocopy). 147 pp.

Included is a brief historical sketch of blacks in Philadelphia, with a detailed examination of the Black Coalition as it came into being, and survived briefly, after Martin Luther King Jr.'s assassination in 1968. For a published account, based on Leff's research, see George W. Corner, "The Black Coalition, an Experiment in Racial Cooperation, Philadelphia, 1968." APS Proc. 120:3(1976): 178-186.

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Legaux, Peter (1748-1827)
Lawyer and farmer. APS 1789.
Journal of the Pennsylvania Vine Company, 1803-1827. 4 vols.(ca. 803 pp.).

Initially proposed by Peter Legaux at a meeting of the American Philosophical Society in 1793, the Vine Company of Pennsylvania was a stock company that encourage the domestic production of grapes, wines, and brandy, and dissemination of knowledge about viticulture. After its incorporation in 1802, the Company operated vineyards on Legaux's farm at Spring Mill, 13 miles northwest of Philadelphia, until it failed in 1822.

The three volumes of Journals of the Vine Company of Pennsylvania record the daily operations of America's first commercial vineyard between 1803 and 1814. Kept by the superintendent, Peter Legaux, the journals provide careful records of weather, planting, harvesting and other field work, as well as some of the doings of the officers and shareholders of the Company. The fourth volume is essentially a weather diary kept by Legaux at Spring Mill from 1822 until his death in 1827. The last volume of Vine Company records covering the last eight years of its operation, 1814-1822, has been lost.

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Legaux, Peter (1748-1827)
Lawyer and farmer. APS 1789.
Observations météorologiques faites à Springmill, [Pennsylvania]: 1787-1800. With an English translation. (43 pp.).

One chart is addressed to Benjamin Franklin, "président de l'État de Pennsylvanie et président de la société phylosophique . . . 1789." All of most of the material was sent to Thomas Jefferson as president of the United States and of thePhilosophical Society. Included are extracts from Legaux'sjournal from Santo Domingo to Philadelphia, 1785.

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Leidy, Joseph (1823-1891)
Anatomist, naturalist. APS 1849.
Index to letters. 500 pp. Photocopy.

This comprehensive index and summary was compiled by James A. Poupard and Richard B. Thompson. It is an author, subject, location, guide, and calendar to Leidy correspondence at the Academy of Natural Sciences, and the College of Physicians, both in Philadelphia.

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León y Gama, Antonio de (1735-1802)
Mexican archaeologist.
An historical and chronological description of two stones found under ground, in the great square of the City of Mexico, in the years 1790. 1 vol. (106 pp.).

Antonio Leon y Gama, an astronomer sometimes considered the first Mexican archaeologist, provided the first European account of Aztec archaeology. His description of the discovery of the "two stones", Descripcion Histórica y Cronológica de las dos Piedras (Mexico, 1791) -- the Coatlicue and Sun Stone (a massive sacrificial stone and calendar) emphasized the sophistication and high scientific and artistic achievements of the Aztecs, responding to and quickening the stirring of Mexican nationalism. Leon y Gama died in Mexico City on September 12, 1802

William E. Hulings' translation of Leon y Gama's Descripcion Histórica y Cronológica de las dos Piedras reflects the intense early American interest in the archaeological marvels of Aztec Mexico. Made in 1818, the manuscript also includes ethnographic notes on the Aztecs, particularly on Aztec religion, and is divided into three sections with separate pagination: "An historical and chronological description of two stones found under ground, in the great square of the City of Mexico, in the years 1790" (84p.), "Notes to Antonio de Leon y Gama's Work" (19p.), and "Translated from the Diary of Mexico, for Augt. 5th 1806" (3p.).

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Leopold, Luna Bergere (1915-2006)
Hydrologist, geologist, engineer, conservationist. APS 1972.
Papers, 1937-2000. 4.5 linear feet.

Luna Leopold, son of conservationist Aldo Leopold, worked extensively during seven decades to bring the field of hydrology and fluvial geomorphology into the conscience of urban planners and those who would restructure the flow of rivers. He established the first practical, major field methods by which hydrological features of streams are recorded and how these data are analyzed. His work is based on meticulous field work over the course of his multifaceted career as a working hydrologist, professor, and conservationist. This collection comprises his field notebooks (1937-2000) embracing localities across the country, in Hawaii, and some foreign locations; dozens of original plane table maps from locales across the country; and a set of correspondence (1956-1986) between Leopold and hydrologist and sedimentologist Ralph Alger Bagnold, who in his own right was a pioneer in modern hydrology.

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Lerner, Isadore Michael (1910-1977)
Geneticist.
Papers, ca. 1930s-1970s. ca. 2500 items (3 ln. ft.).

The correspondence in this collection concerns behavior genetics, evolution, heredity, etc. There is material relating to the Permanent International Committee on Genetics congresses, and the IXth (Bellagio, 1953), Xth (Montreal, 1958), and XIth (The Hague, 1963) congresses. There is also correspondence pertaining to the Cold Spring Harbor Symposium on Quantitative Biology(1955), the Mendel Semi-Centennial (1950), the Soviet Geneticists' visit to the U.S. (1967), and to Anton R. Zhebrak. Of particular note is the manuscript and other material relating to Lerner's 1969 translation of Z. A. Medvedev's, The Rise and Fall of T. D. Lysenko.

The important or major correspondents include:

• R. L. Berg
• Theodosius Dobzhansky
• Richard B. Goldschmidt
• Ake Gustafsson
• J. B. S. Haldane
• Walter Landauer
• Richard C. Lewontin
• Jay L. Lush
• Kenneth Mather
• Ernst Mayr
• Peter Medawar
• Zhores A. Medvedev
• H. J. Muller
• Joseph Needham
• James V. Neel
• Tracy M. Sonneborn
• N. W. Timoféef-Ressovsky
• C. H. Waddington
• Bruce Wallace
• Sewall Wright

Further described in Bentley Glass, Guide to Genetics Collections...

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Le Roy, Jea Baptiste (1720-1800)
AMsS, Précis d'un ouvrage sur les hôitaux, 26 pp.

A close friend of Franklin, LeRoy's interests included the problems of ventilation and hygiene of prisons and hospitals.

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Lesley, J. Peter (1819-1903)
Geologist. APS 1856.
Papers, 1826-1898. ca. 3,000 items.

After a brief career in the Congregational church, J. Peter Lesley left the ministry in 1852 to work full-time as a geologist. Having gained experience in structural geology and stratigraphy with the First Pennsylvania Geological Survey (1836-1842), Lesley became an expert in the geology of coal, working for the Pennsylvania Railroad and other corporations and conducting some of the first systematic studies of the state's hydrocarbon resources. A long-time professor at the University of Pennsylvania, he was elected to the APS in 1856, serving variously as its librarian, secretary, and vice president, and he was selected as Director of the Second Pennsylvania Geological Survey (1875-1889). Lesley died in 1903.

The Lesley Papers include letters to and from Peter Lesley and his wife, Susan on geology, coal and iron mining, abolition, educational reform, organized charity, and Unitarianism. The collection offers important insight into academic and applied geology in late 19th century Pennsylvania, the development of the coal and iron industries, as well as into the Lesleys' progressive social and intellectual milieu. It is divided into three series: Lesley's general correspondence, his correspondence with his brother Joseph, and microfilms of Lesley's research notes.

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Lesquereux, Leo (1806-1889)
Paleobotanist and bryologist.
Autobiographical letters, 1885-1886. 0.25 lin. feet.

Leo Lesquereux emigrated from his native Switzerland to Ohio in 1848, and quickly established himself as one of America's foremost bryologists and paleobotanists. Working with the state geological surveys of Pennsylvania and several states in the Mississippi Valley, he contributed some of the earliest descriptions of the Carboniferous flora in North America and helped flesh out the basic geology of coal formation.

The autobiography of Leo Lesquereux provides an engaging account of the early life of one of Victorian America's best known bryologists and paleobotanists. Consisting of 14 letters addressed to his friend, J. Peter Lesley, the letters cover only the years between Lesquereux's childhood in Switzerland and his emigration to the United States in 1848. Written after his retirement at the age of 78, they shed light on his education, the illness that led to his loss of hearing, and his studies of peat deposits in Europe, and they provide short vignettes about watchmaking and about his peers Louis and August Agassiz and Arnold Guyot.

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Lesueur, Charles Alexandre (1778-1846)
Naturalist, artist.
Sketches. Film. 5 reels and 120 colored slides.

From originals in the Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Le Havre, France. The color slides are of drawings and watercolors on vellum made by Lesueur in 1799, when he accompanied Baudin and Péron on their scientific expedition to Australia. There are a total of about1,500 original watercolors, of fish, birds, quadrupeds, and plants. For a description of the collection and a list of the drawings as they were in the Musée d'histoire naturelle in LeHavre before World War II, see Waldo G. Leland, "The Lesueur Collection of American Sketches," Mississippi Valley Historical Review 10 (1923): 53; on the collection as here photographed, see Gilbert Chinard, "The American Sketchbooks of Charles Alexandre Lesueur," APS Proc. 93 (1949): 114; see also, R.W.G. Vail, The American Sketchbooks of Charles Alexandre Lesueur, 1816-1837(American Antiquarian Society, Worcester, MA, 1938).

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Lewis, John Frederick (1860-1932)
Lawyer, philanthropist, patron of arts. APS 1909.
Papers, 1878-1932. ca. 45,000 items.

Although most of this large collection consists of papers of Lewis's legal practice, there are important groups which relate to the furnishing and maintenance of his city and country houses and the management of his farm, to the assembling of his outstanding collections of Oriental and medieval illuminated manuscripts and of Babylonian clay tablets (now at the Free Library of Philadelphia), and to institutions with which he was closely associated, such as APS, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. Many letters and papers are about business--mortgages, rents, directorships in banks and insurance companies, investments--and about the social and cultural life of Philadelphia--operas, libraries, museums, music, schools for the handicapped, etc.

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Lewis, Meriwether (1774-1809)
Explorer. APS 1803.
Journal, 30 August-12 December 1803. 1 vol. (ca. 252 pp.).

Journal of the river trip from Pittsburgh to the winter camp of the Lewis and Clark expedition. Of the 126 leaves in this journal, 31 contain questions by Nicholas Biddle, with William Clark's replies, 1810. Printed in Milo M. Quaife, ed., The Journals of Captain Meriwether Lewis and Sergeant John Ordway, Kept on the Expedition of Western Exploration, 1803-1806 (State Historical Society of Wisconsin, Collections 22 [1916]). Biddle's questions printed in Donald Jackson, ed., Letters of the Lewis and Clark Expedition (Urbana, Ill., 1962), p. 497.

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Lewis, Meriwether (1774-1809), and William Clark (1770-1838)
Explorers.
Manuscript journal of travels to the source of the Missouri River &across the American continent to the Pacific Ocean, 1804 1806. 18 bound codices and 12 loose-leaved codices.

Arranged, annotated, and indexed by Elliott Coues; interlineations throughout by Nicholas Biddle. Printed in Reuben G. Thwaites, ed., Original Journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, 1804-1806 (New York, 1904-1905).

• View the Inventory of illustrations in the Lewis and Clark Journals.

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Lewis and Clark Expedition
Documents concerning the William Clark Papers discovered in 1953. ca. 124 pp.

This includes correspondence of William E. Lingelbach (APS Librarian), briefs, news accounts, etc., concerning the Clark documents that had belonged to Gen. John Hammond and which were turned over to the Minnesota Historical Society in 1953, resulting in litigation concerning ownership.

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Lewis, Warren Harmon (1870-1964)
Pathologist. APS 1943.
Papers, ca. 1913-1964. ca. 8000 items (8 ln. ft.).

The collection is primarily correspondence, and notes on experiments concerning Lewis and his wife's (Dr. Margaret Reed Lewis) cytology research at Johns Hopkins University, Carnegie Institution of Washington, and finally at the Wistar Institute in Philadelphia. There is significant material relating to his professional society activity: American Association of Anatomists(Pres., 1934-1936), and the International Society for Experimental Cytology.

The experimental material (papers, notes, illustrations, etc.) relates to Amblystoma, blood, cell division, mitosis, tumors, etc. There is information concerning motion picture films of cell division, whose use Lewis pioneered in 1929.

The correspondents include:

• Stanhope Bayne-Jones
• A. F. Blakeslee
• Vannevar Bush
• Detlev W. Bronk
• J. McKeen Cattell
• Jacques Cattell
• George W. Corner
• E. V. Cowdry
• Hugh S. Cumming
• Charles B. Davenport
• Milislav Demerec
• Edmond J. Farris
• Richard Goldschmidt
• Morgan Harris
• Alexander Hollaender
• Herbert S. Jennings
• Esmond R. Long
• Baldwin Lucké
• William de B. MacNider
• John F. Menke
• James B. Murphy
• Margaret R. Murray
• Harold Okkels
• Eugene L. Opie
• Jane Oppenheimer
• Johanna ter Horst Rollhaeuser
• Florence B. Sabin
• George L. Streeter
• Elizabeth Lloyd White

Also described in Lily Kay, Molecules, Cells, and Life

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Lewontin, Richard Charles (1929- )
Population biologist.
Papers, ca. 1963-1980. ca. 2000 items. (4 ln. ft.). Photocopy.

This represents a portion of Lewontin's correspondence files (mainly A-L), and included are copies of papers, all of which will be added to in the future. The topics discussed in the letters are numerous, including much on contemporary scientific controversies: race, Darwin, evolution, intelligence, biological determinism, etc.

Correspondents include:

• Philip H. Abelson
• Wm. K. Baker
• Stuart Barker
• Thomas Bethel
• Nigel Calder
• James F. Crow
• Max Delbrück
• Theodosius Dobzhansky
• Paul R. Ehrlich
• Arthur S. Goldberger
• J. B. S. Haldane
• Jerry Hirsch
• Albert Jacquard
• George Johnson
• Leo Kamin
• Costas Krimbas
• George G. Simpson

Further described in Bentley Glass, Guide to Genetics Collections...

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Li, Ching Chun (1912- )
Geneticist.
Correspondence, 1954-1967. ca. 50 pp.

These letters concern William E. Castle's genetics "law" of 1903. There are letters with Castle, L. C. Dunn, Clyde Keeler, J. A. Weir, Sewall Wright, and Conway Zirkle.

Further described in Bentley Glass, Guide to Genetics Collections...

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Li, Fanggui (Fang-Kuei) (1902-1987)
Linguist.
Collection, 1928, 1982. 1.5 linear feet

As s student of Edward Sapir at the University of Chicago, Fanggui (Fang-Kuei) Li spent two months during the summer of 1928 in northern Alberta studying Chipewyan and went on to a career that included pioneering work in other Athapascan languages and Chinese. A longtime member of the Academia Sinica, Li was for many years a professor of Linguistics at the University of Washington and, at the end of his career, at the University of Hawaii.

The Li Collection is comprised of ten volumes containing stories in Chipewyan collected in northern Alberta in 1928 by the Chinese-American linguist, Fanggui Li, along with an extensive Chipewyan slip file. The texts contain phonetic transcriptions of stories elicited from François Mandeville and Baptiste Ferrier with interlinear English translations. These were edited and published Fanggui as Li and Ronald Scollon, Chipewyan Texts (Taipei: Academia Sinica, 1976). The collection also includes two cassettes containing an oral history interview with Li conducted in November 1982 by M. Terry Thompson and Laurence Thompson.

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Library Company of Philadelphia
Minutes, 1768-1794. Film. 1 reel.

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Liggett, Barbara
Archaeologist.
Final report on the excavations of the north salient, Fort Mifflin, Pennsylvania. 61 pp. Typescript, illus.

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Liggett, Barbara
Archaeologist.
Report on the study of The Dock: Results of archaeological excavations, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1975. 139 pp. Typescript, illus.

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Liggett, Barbara
Archaeologist.
Urban archaeology, 1976. 128 pp. Typescript.

This is a preliminary draft prepared for the Interagency Historic Architectural Services Program of the U.S. Dept. of Interior. Liggett's report is based on archaeological projects in Philadelphia: Delaware Expressway, Head House, Dock Street, and Franklin Court.

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Lindsay, John, earl of Crawford (1702-1749)
Soldier.
Military journals and papers, ca. 1737-1739. 3 vols.

An account of a voyage from England to St. Petersburg, thence by Moscow through Poland until he joined the Russian army (2 vols.); and a journal of the campaign in Hungary, 1737, with a diary, 1738-1739 (1 vol.); also 13 short papers on such military topics as geometry and fortification, military discipline, journals and accounts of campaigns under Prince Eugen and others, lists of regiments, and "Un traité touchant les conquêtes qu'on pouroit faire en Amérique sur la maison de Bourbon au cas que la guerre devienne générale et qui seules peuvent rétablir l'équilibre de l'Europe." These documents and journals have been described in Joseph G. Rosengarten, "The Earl of Crawford's Manuscript History in the Library of the American Philosophical Society," APS Proc. 42 (1903): 397-404.

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Lingelbach, William Ezra (1871-1962)
Historian, Librarian of the APS. APS 1916.
Papers, 1902-1963. ca. 8,000 items (8 lin. ft.).

There is correspondence, research notes, papers and addresses, memoranda, drafts of letters and papers. The collection centers on Lingelbach's career at the University of Pennsylvania, where he was professor and dean, and at the APS. There is much correspondence with noted historians relating to various topics. His interest in political history and foreign policy, and his participation in national organizations can be seen in such files as: Foreign Policy Association, National Resources Planning Board, and the U.S. War Department's Committee on Education and Special Training (WWI). He played a significant role in Philadelphia civic development through the Committee for the Preservation of Cultural Resources, and the Independence Hall Association Project. There is substantial material as well concerning his contributions to the American Council of Learned Societies and the American Society for the Extension of University Teaching.

There is a separate collection (Archives VII,2) covering his post as Librarian of the APS, which yields data concerning many of the same topics, particularly those relating to Philadelphia, listed above.

Correspondents include, among others:

• Edward P. Cheyney
• Frank D. Fry
• Richard H. Heindel
• J. Huizinga
• J. Franklin Jameson
• Waldo G. Leland
• Edwin O. Lewis
• Frank E. Melvin
• Lewis Mumford
• Dana C. Munro
• Theodore Roosevelt
• Arthur M. Schlesinger
• Hugh Scott
• Richard H. Shryock
• Edgar Fahs Smith
• Rhea Marsh Smith
• Daniel H. Thomas
• Karl A. Wittfogel

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Linguistic Society of America
Archives, ca. 1930-1977. ca. 54 lin. ft.

Transferred to the Western Historical Manuscript Collection, University of Missouri-Columbia, 1995.

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Linnaean Society of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania
Minute book, 1862-1896. 1 vol. (271 pp.).

Contains lists of members from 1862 to 1880, the printed constitution of the Society, newspaper accounts of deceased members, etc. Beginning with February 18, 1874, the minutes are reports of meetings clipped from newspapers, with manuscript additions.

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Linnean Society of London
Correspondence of American scientists. Film. 2 reels.

From Linnean Society of London. Letters and papers by or to American scientists or about America, selected from the Society's collections. Included are letters to William Swainson from John Abbott, John J. Audubon, Constantine S. Rafinesque, Isaac Lea, and John E. Le Conte; letters to Sir James Edward Smith from Jacob Bigelow, DeWitt Clinton, J.F. Corrêa da Serra, David Hosack, Theodore Lyman, William Dandridge Peck, Rafinesque, Gotthilf H. E. Muhlenberg; letters to William Darlington; letters to Asa Gray; letters of John Bartram; letters of Peter Collinson to J.F. Gronovius; letters and papers of John Ellis, including letters from Alexander Garden, Samuel Martin, and Bernard Romans; letters to Carl Linnaeus from John Bartram, John Clayton, Cadwalader Colden, Corrêa da Serra, Peter Kalm, Adam Kuhn, James Logan, John Mitchell, and Charles Wrangel.

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Lister, Joseph Jackson (1786-1869)
Scientist.
Account books, 1810-1849. 2 vols. (ca. 278 pp.).

Lister, who was the father of Lord Lister, was the discoverer of the law of aplanatic foci in microscopic objectives, the principle upon which modern microscopes are constructed. These account books record receipts and expenditures, interest, profit and loss, repairs, stock shares, wages, income tax, etc.

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Lloyd, Mary
Notes taken at West Chester[, Pa.], Janu[ar]y 8 1876 .. 1 vol. (ca. 57 pp.).

These short-hand notes are in an unknown hand, taken on a visit with Mary Lloyd, who was the sole surviving daughter of Thomas Lloyd, the short-hand recorder for the first U.S. Congress.

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Lloyd, Thomas (1756-1827)
Publisher, short-hand teacher.
Commonplace book, 1789-1796. 1 vol. (ca. 61 pp.).

Lloyd was the primary short-hand recorder of the first U.S. Congress in New York City and publisher of the Congressional Register, among his many publishing ventures. This volume contains letters (a few in short-hand) relating to his pursuit of the position as principal recorder, and then, upon accomplishing this, his problems in publishing. There are sales accounts. Included is a diary, April 1793 to June 1794, written while he was imprisoned in Newgate Prison, London (Jan. 1793-1796). Included for this period is an interesting description, brought to him at Newgate by an Englishman, John Ford, who was seeking support and American contacts for his plan to take an English textile process to America: "A Manufacture of Wollen &Cotton Cloth &Without spinning or weaving," August, 1794.

The volume contains additional copies of letters by Lloyd upon his return to America, relating to his publishing and printing undertakings. For the sole biographical sketch of Lloyd see: Marion Tinling, "Thomas Lloyd's Reports of the First Federal Congress," William &Mary Quarterly 3:18 (1961): 519-545.

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Loewenberg, Bert James (1905-1974)
Historian.
Papers on Charles Darwin. (6 lin. ft.).

This collection of working papers, notes, manuscripts, and typescripts by Loewenberg, a Charles Darwin scholar and chairman of the Darwin Anniversary Committee, contains his own writing on Darwin, as well as a wealth of data (notes, bibliographies, card file of references on evolution) relating to every aspect of Darwin's life. There is also a chronological card file of events in Darwin's life, 1832-1882.

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Logan, James (1674-1751)
Merchant, statesman, scholar.
Selections from his correspondence. 4 vols. Copies.

Copied by Mrs. Deborah Norris Logan from original letters and papers in her family, with additions by J. Francis Fisher and Redmond Conyngham. Printed in large part in Correspondence Between William Penn and James Logan (Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Memoirs 9,10 [1870-1872]). Among the items not included in this work are Logan's letters to Governors George Clarke of New York, Sir William Gooch of Virginia, and George Thomas of Pennsylvania, 1737-1745, on Indian and general colonial policies; extracts from Logan's commercial letter book, 1717; letters on literary topics, book purchases, and his library, including letters to Peter Collinson, Benjamin Franklin, Abraham Redwood, and John Whiston.

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Logan, James (1674-1751)
Merchant, statesman, scholar.
Letters, while president of the Council, 1736-1744. 1 vol. (26pp.). Copy.

Copies by Mrs. Deborah Norris Logan of letters from Logan to the Proprietors of Pennsylvania, the Duke of Newcastle, Ferdinand John Paris, and others, on province business.

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Long, Cyril Norman Hugh (1901-1970)
Biochemist, physiologist.
Papers, 1920-1970. (12 lin. ft.).

In addition to extensive correspondence, there are numerous laboratory notes, lecture notes, drafts of published papers, reports. This material documents Long's career, with much on his work with diabetes, including the International Diabetes Federation. His 1950 trip to Japan, as adviser to Japanese medical schools on medical education, is also documented. In addition, there is substantial material on the Yale University Department of Physiology and School of Medicine, which Long headed during his thirty-three years at Yale.

Among other correspondents are:

• Walter C. Alvarez
• James R. Angell
• Frederick Grant Banting
• Walter Bauer
• Stanhope Bayne-Jones
• Konrad Bloch
• Philip K. Bondy
• Kingman Brewster
• Detlev W. Bronk
• R. Keith Canaan
• Walter B. Cannon
• Carl F. Cori
• George B. Darling
• John E. Dierrick
• Frank L. Engel
• Herbert McLean Evans
• Wallace O. Fenn
• Karl Folkers
• John Farquhar Fulton
• Edmund Newton Harvey
• Bernardo A. Houssay
• Dwight J. Ingle
• E. C. Kendall
• Otto Loewi
• Alfred Newton Richards
• Oscar Riddle
• Alfred Stengel
• Donald Dexter Van Slyke
• Abraham White
• Frank George Young

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Long, Ronald W.
Collector.
Isleta Tiwa materials, 1965. Recording. 2 reels.

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Long, Will West, and others
Cherokee medicinal and magical texts, 1928-1936. 2 notebooks, 91 items.

Recorded in the Sequoyan syllabary. Part of the papers of Will West Long of Big Cove, Qualla Reservation, N.C.

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Loos, John Louis
A biography of William Clark, 1770-1813. Film. 1 reel.

Doctoral dissertation, Washington University, St. Louis, 1953.

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Lounsbury, Floyd Glenn (1914-1998)
Anthropologist, linguist. APS 1987.
Papers, ca. 1935-1998. 90 linear feet.

A Wisconsin native, Lounsbury completed his undergraduate education at the University of Wisconsin - Madison, and took an MA degree there. He then went to Yale University and was awarded a Ph.D. for work on Oneida phonology and morphology in 1949. While in the Ph.D. program he started teaching, and remained at Yale for the rest of his career. Retiring in 1979, Lounsbury was appointed Sterling Professor Emeritus of Anthropology, a post he held until his death at age 84.

Influenced by his graduate advisor, Morris Swadesh, Lounsbury undertook (1939-1940) the WPA-funded Oneida Language and Folklore Project, Green Bay, Wisconsin. This work eventually culminated in his MA thesis and dissertation. Lounsbury undertook pioneering work in descriptive and comparative Iroquoian linguistics, and made very significant contributions to the decipherment of Maya hieroglyphic texts. He was also an important innovator in the formal analysis of kinship terminologies and structural semantics. Fieldwork was conducted among the Oneida and all other speakers of surviving Iroquoian languages, Natchez, two Mayan and six Brazilian Indian languages. Lounsbury was a fellow of the National Academy of Sciences (1969), and a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1976) and American Philosophical Society (1987).

The papers contain correspondence, research and teaching notes, data (card and slip) files, published and unpublished manuscripts by Lounsbury and others, books and reprints, sound recordings, and computer programs and files. Correspondents include: William N. Fenton, Mary R. Haas, William C. Sturtevant, Morris Swadesh, and Carl F. Voegelin. Roughly one-quarter of the collection relates to Iroquoian languages and includes much WPA Oneida Project material. Research into the Cherokee language, South American languages, and kinship structures is also well represented. Floyd Lounsbury's wife, Masako Yokoyama Lounsbury, is represented by a smaller amount of material relating to linguistic research in Shanghai.

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The Lowell Observatory. Flagstaff, Arizona
The early correspondence of the Lowell Observatory, 1894-1916. Film. 10 reels.

From originals located at the Lowell Observatory. Index, 112pp.

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Lowry, Homer Hiram (1898-1971)
Physical chemist.
Papers, 1930-1937, 1941-1953. ca. 2000 items.

There are letters, reports, and photographs relating to his work in coal research. He was a physical chemist at Bell Telephone Labs, 1925-1930, and then director, until 1953, of the Coal Research Lab at the Carnegie Institute in Pittsburgh. There is much correspondence concerning research at Bell Labs, and Carnegie Institute matters, relating to coal technology, machinery, and the steel industry. There are also several photographs, taken shortly after WW II, showing the industrial destruction in Germany.

Correspondents include:

• Thomas S. Baker
• Robert M. Burns
• Robert E. Doherty
• George A. Hulett
• Eliot Janeway
• John Johnson

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Loyalists, American
Miscellaneous material, 1782-1798. 10 items.

There are letters, petitions, and reports concerning the Loyalists and the losses they sustained in the war (e.g. Committee of American Merchants, Observations on trade, 1783; Banished American merchants petition, 1789; Classes of American loyalists and their claims, etc.).

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Lozano, Pedro (1697-1752)
Spanish Jesuit missionary.
Diccionario historico-indico, 1748-1752. 1 vol. (408 pp.).

Volume 3 only (G-L) of a biographical and geographical dictionary of Jesuit and Franciscan missionaries in Spanish America, with citations of printed and manuscript sources.

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Lubbock, Sir John, first baron Avebury (1834-1913)
Scientist, banker. APS 1884.
Papers, 1856-1906. 50 items.

This is a miscellaneous collection of letters, to and from Lubbock, concerning his lectures and his interest in paleontology, as well as references to political matters, particularly the Irish question, and numerous mentions of the legislative bills with which he was involved. There are letters concerning his publications, Prehistoric Times (1865), and Sense and Intelligence of Animals (1888).

The correspondents include:

• Sir Edwin Arnold
• Edwin Atlee Barber
• Arthur Bigge
• John Bright
• Hyde Clarke
• Charles Darwin
• George Douglas, 8th Duke of Argyll
• Sir Charles G. Duffy
• Ernst Haeckel
• Oliver Wendell Holmes
• Sir Joseph D. Hooker
• Sir Francis Knollys
• Alexander Macmillan
• Pasha Nubar
• Sir H. Rawlinson
• A. D. Stockter
• Sir Edward B. Tylor

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Lukens, John (1720?-1789)
Surveyor-general of Pennsylvania. APS 1767.
Papers, 1760-1788. 16 items.

There are several letters which concern Lukens's official position as Surveyor-general, but the bulk of the collection is the 12 small volumes of survey books (1760-1775, ca. 108 pp.). There are surveys of Philadelphia, particularly near the State House (now Independence Square), for a vineyard plantation in the Northern Liberties (1769), and for lands in Lancaster and Berks Counties.

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Lukoff, Fred
Collector.
Onondaga material, [1948,1950]. Recording. 22 reels.

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Luria, S. E. (Salvador Edward) (1912- )
Bacteriologist, geneticist.
Papers, 1931-1992. 47 lin. feet.

Salvador E. Luria was a bacteriologist whose work with Max Delbruck on bacteriophage demonstrated that bacteria resistant to certain phages arose through gene mutations. His later work showed that phages also mutate genetically. He received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1969 with Max Delbruck and Alfred D. Hershey.

Organized into seven series: I. Correspondence, 1938-1992 ; IIa. Subject Files, 1938-1990 ; IIb. Personal Material. 1923-1991 ; III. Works by Luria, 1938-1987 ; IV. Works by Others, 1944-1990 ; V. Research Notes &Notebooks, 1941-1979 ; VI. Course Material, 1931-1991 ; VII. Photographs &Negatives, 1957-1982. Arrangement: Alphabetical by folder title and then chronological within each folder.

Further described in Bentley Glass, Guide to Genetics Collections...

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Lushington, Vernon (1782- )
English barrister.
Letters, 1861-1870. 15 items.

These letters are to the British geologist, Harry Govier Seely (1839-1909). Lushington was apparently a friend or mentor, and he advises Seely to become a geologist, praises his poetry, etc. Some of the letters concern paleontology, university education at Cambridge, and an observation on Robert Browning.

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Lusanna (Vessel)
Prize Case Records, 1777-1778. 1 vol. (297p.)

The Lusanna, a seventy-ton brigantine, was owned by Elisha Doane of Massachusetts, and sailed with his son-in-law Shearjashub Bourne as supercargo. She sailed from Massachusetts in 1775 at the onset of the American Revolution. On the return voyage from London in 1777 she was captured by the privateer McClary out of Portsmouth, NH. In the prize case that followed in the New Hampshire maritime court, Bourne and Doane unsuccessfully tried to defend their ship. Their appeal eventually made its way to the Continental Congress.

The Lusanna Prize Case Records is a written transcript of the proceedings in Admiralty Court of the armed brigantine McClary vs. the brigantine Lusanna in the State of New Hampshire. The transcript contains the entire proceedings of the case including the libel, statements of the crew and passengers, invoices for items shipped aboard the Lusanna, bills of lading, copies of letters pertaining to the voyage and cargo, copy of the prize case against the Industry (another vessel owned by Doane captured by the British in 1775), testimony in support of the owners of the Lusanna as loyal to the United States, the decision of the court, and the appeal.

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Lyell, Sir Charles (1797-1875)
Geologist. APS 1842.
Papers, 1806-1874. ca. 450 items.

There is correspondence concerning geology, botany, natural history, natural selection, evolution, British science and scientists, and other scientific topics. Most of the letters are written to Lyell but there are numerous ones from him.

Correspondents include:

• Louis Agassiz
• Charles Babbage
• John Ball
• Henry W. Bates
• Odoardo Beccari
• Sir Henry Thomas de la Beche
• George Bentham
• Sir Charles James Bunbury
• George Busk
• William Benjamin Carpenter
• William Daniel Conybeare
• John Curtis
• Charles R. Darwin
• George Don
• Sir Philip de Malpas Grey Egerton
• William Henry Fitton
• John Fleming
• Sir William Henry Flower
• Edward Forbes
• Francis Galton
• Ernst Haeckel
• John Stevens Henslow
• Sir John F. W. Herschel
• David Milne-Home
• Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
• Alexander von Humboldt
• Thomas Henry Huxley
• John Wesley Judd
• Sir George Steuart Mackenzie
• Gideon Algernon Mantell
• Sir Roderick Impey Murchison
• Alfred Newton
• Thomas Nuttall
• Sir Richard Owen
• Sir Edward Sabine
• Philip Lutley Sclater
• Adam Sedgwick
• Benjamin Silliman
• Sir James Edward Smith
• James Sowerby
• Georg Torchhammer
• Dawson Turner
• Alfred Russel Wallace
• William Whewell
• Searles Wood

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Lyell, Sir Charles (1797-1875)
Geologist. APS 1842.
Correspondence. Film. 10 reels.

From the University of Edinburgh Library. Incoming correspondence; a sample of two reels gives the following names:

• Henry Hicks
• Edward Hitchcock
• David Milne-Home
• William Hopkins
• Thomas Horsfield
• Edward Hull
• Thomas Sterry Hunt
• Charles T. Jackson
• Sir Henry James
• Thomas F. Jamieson
• John W. Judd
• Joseph Bette Jukes
• Theodore Lyman
• William Whewell
• Josiah D. Whitney
• Edward Whymper
• Sir Gardner Wilkinson
• William Crawford Williamson
• W. R. Wills
• Alexander R. Wollaston
• Searles Wood
• Samuel P. Woodward
• Jeffries Wyman

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Lyman, Benjamin Smith (1835-1920)
Geologist and mining engineer. APS 1869.
Papers, 1850-1918. ca. 18,000 items. (49 lin. ft.).

There are notes, sketches, memoranda, etc., made while Lyman directed the geological survey of Japan, 1873-1879, with reports on petroleum resources, copper, coal, iron, and gold mines, mineral springs, and other mineral resources of the Japanese archipelago. There are data on the Japanese, Chinese, Ainu, and French languages, and on Japanese manners and customs, wit and humor, gardening, painting, measurements, swords, etc. Notes and data on the life, travels, and publications of Bernard Varenius. Notes collected for Lyman's Vegetarian Diet and Dishes. Materials on the geology of New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Iowa, Colorado, New Mexico, and West Virginia; and on coal and iron fields in those states and elsewhere. Manuscripts of articles on instruments for boring wells, theodolites for mining and civil engineers, other surveying instruments, etc.

Of particular note is Lyman's period of study in Europe, where he attended the Imperial School of Mines in Paris, France (1859-1861), and the Royal Academy of Mines, Freiberg, Germany (1861-1862). There are about eleven notebooks for this period, written in English, French, and German, that contain: lecture notes, travel observations, comments on geology, mines and mining, railroads, with sketches of machinery, etc. There are a large number of letters (ca. 7,000 items), 1850-1917, from and to Lyman, on personal and business affairs.

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Lyon, John (d. 1814)
Gardener and seedsman.
Botanical journal, 1799-1814. 1 vol. (64 pp.).

Pertains to his travels in the eastern part of the United States. Edited by Joseph and Nesta Ewan and printed in APS Trans. 53, 2 (1963).

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