Resources in Early American History
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1Author:  Ord, George, 1781-1866Requires cookie*
 Title:  George Ord notes, [n.d.], on the use of French verbs     
 Dates:  n.d. 
 Abstract:  These two volumes contain transcriptions and notes in French and were used by Ord to help with his French language skills. One volume contains instructions on using French verbs. The examples used include excerpts from Voltaire and Rousseau.

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 Call #:  Mss.445.Or2 
 Extent:  1.0 Volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics 
 Genre:  Language Material 
 Subjects:  French language 
2Author:  Du Ponceau , Peter Stephen, 1760-1844Requires cookie*
 Title:  Peter Stephen Du Ponceau notebooks on philology, [1815-1834]     
 Dates:  Circa 1815-1834 
 Abstract:  The Peter Stephen Du Ponceau Collection has a wide array of material. This entry refers to a nine volume set of notes on philology that focuses on Native American languages but includes notes on range of other language groups, such as the language of Polynesians and Greeks (410 D92). The notes also make numerous observations about Native American customs, practices, and beliefs.

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 Call #:  Mss.410.D92 
 Extent:  9.0 Volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Commonplace Book | Language Material | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Arabic language | Greek language | Indians of North America--Languages | Language and languages | Polynesian languages | Turkic languages 
3Author:  Du Ponceau , Peter Stephen, 1760-1844Requires cookie*
 Title:  Essai de solution du problème philologique proposé en l'année 1823 par la commission de l'Institut de France, 1823     
 Dates:  1823 
 Abstract:  The Essai de Solution ... is part of the Stephen Du Poneau Collection. The collection as a whole has a wide array of material, although it is particularly strong in of Native American language material from the nineteenth century. This essay was likely submitted for the Volney Prize in linguistics and reflects Du Ponceau's interests in language more generally.

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 Call #:  Mss.410.D92.1 
 Extent:  1.0 Volume(s) 
 Topics:  Beyond Early America | Language and Linguistics 
 Genre:  Foreign Language | Language Material | Manuscript Essays 
 Subjects:  Linguistics. | Philology. 
4Author:  Buxtorf, Johann, 1564-1629Requires cookie*
 Title:  Hebrew grammar     
 Dates:  n.d. 
 Abstract:  This large volume, written in 1824, contains a guide to Hebrew grammar.

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 Call #:  Mss.492.4.B98th 
 Extent:  1.0 Volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Religion 
 Genre:  Language Material 
 Subjects:  Hebrew language 
5Author:  Taylor, John,Rev.Requires cookie*
 Title:  Hebrew lexicon, [n.d.]     
 Dates:  n.d. 
 Abstract:  John Taylor was a Pennsylvania clergyman. This large volume contains a transcription of his Concordance. It is basically a Hebrew to English dictionary.

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 Call #:  Mss.492.43.T21 
 Extent:  1.0 Volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Religion 
 Genre:  Foreign Language | Miscellaneous 
 Subjects:  Hebrew language 
6Author:  AnonymousRequires cookie*
 Title:  Turkish Manuscripts     
 Dates:  19th century? 
 Abstract:  These Turkish manuscripts reflect Stephen DuPonceau's attempt to acquire a wide-array of language materials for the APS's archives in the early 19th century

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 Call #:  Mss.494.9.T84 
 Extent:  2.0 Volume(s) 
 Topics:  Beyond Early America | Language and Linguistics 
 Genre:  Foreign Language | Language Material 
 Subjects:  Letter-writing, Turkish | Turkey--Politics and government | Turkish language 
7Author:  Bellenger, Joseph M.Requires cookie*
 Title:  Instruction sur la langue Mickmaque     
 Dates:  Circa 1814 
 Abstract:  This collection contains notes on the language of the Mickmaque. Originally taken by a French missionary in the eighteenth century, this 98 page volume is a compilation of notes on the language put together in the nineteenth century.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.2.In75 
 Extent:  0.1 Linear feet 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Foreign Language | Language Material | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America--Languages | Linguistics | Micmac language--Grammar 
8Author:  Potier, Pierre-Philippe,1708-1781.Requires cookie*
 Title:  Huron linguistic materials, 1743-1744     
 Dates:  1743-1744 
 Abstract:  Dating from the 1740s, this Huron-French dictionary contains more than just linguistic material. The volume also has data on the Huron, such as a description of a village and names of their leaders.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.2.P845 
 Extent:  38.0 Item(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Language Material | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America--Languages | Wyandot Indians | Wyandot language 
9Author:  Gardiner, Emma Jane Tudor.Requires cookie*
 Title:  Penobscot Indian vocabulary, 1821     
 Dates:  1821 
 Abstract:  This bound volume includes approximately twenty pages of Abenaki words and their English translations compiled by Emma Gardiner of Gardiner, Maine in 1821. Although the origins of this document are not clear, it is possible that Gardiner worked with Abenaki Indians to compile this list. The document contains the annotations and other notes of Peter Du Ponceau.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.3.G16 
 Extent:  1.0 Volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Language Material | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America--Languages | Penobscot language 
10Author:  Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823Requires cookie*
 Title:  Names which the Lenni Lenape...had given to rivers, streams, places, etc., 1822     
 Dates:  1822 
 Abstract:  The John Heckewelder Collection consists of an assortment of documents, almost all of which deal with Native Americans. Heckewelder was a Moravian missionary to Delaware Indians in Pennsylvania who was a prominent figure in nineteenth century intellectual circles. The primary focus of the collection is on his attempt to preserve Native American languages, especially those of the Lenni Lenape (Delaware) in Pennsylvania. His correspondence and one publication also chronicle Native American history, customs, and life. Heckewelder also kept a meteorological journal while on his mission to Gnadenhutten, Pa from 1802-1814, which is part of the collection. Much of the collection comes from Heckewelder’s correspondence with the APS and its prominent member and linguist Stephen DuPonceau.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.3.H35n 
 Extent:  1.0 Volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Diaries | Native American Materials | Oral History 
 Subjects:  Names, Delaware. | Names, Indian -- North America. 
11Author:  Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823Requires cookie*
 Title:  John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder letters, 1816-1822, to Peter Stephen Du Ponceau     
 Dates:  1816-1822 
 Abstract:  The John Heckewelder Collection consists of an assortment of documents, almost all of which deal with Native Americans. Heckewelder was a Moravian missionary to Delaware Indians in Pennsylvania who was a prominent figure in nineteenth century intellectual circles. The primary focus of the collection is on his attempt to preserve Native American languages, especially those of the Lenni Lenape (Delaware) in Pennsylvania. His correspondence and one publication also chronicle Native American history, customs, and life. Heckewelder also kept a meteorological journal while on his mission to Gnadenhutten, Pennsylvania from 1802-1814, which is part of the collection. Much of the collection comes from Heckewelder’s correspondence with the APS and its prominent member and linguist Stephen Du Ponceau.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.3.H35o 
 Extent:  0.5 Linear feet 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Diaries | Language Material | Meteorological Data | Native American Materials | Oral History 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America--Languages 
12Author:  unknownRequires cookie*
 Title:  Indian-English dictionary, 1822     
 Dates:  1822 
 Abstract:  The Henry B. Kelso collection consists of a single, slender bound journal that contains Ojibwa-English translations of some words, the numerical system from one to ten used by Winnebago’s, and records of Kelso births for 1823 and 1826. The journal was compiled in Green Bay, Wisconsin beginning in 1822.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.3.K295 
 Extent:  1.0 Volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Language Material | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America--Wisconsin--Genealogy | Ojibwa Indians | Ojibwa language--Dictionaries--Polyglot | Winnebago language 
13Author:  Peirronet, ThomasRequires cookie*
 Title:  Specimen of the Mountaineer, or Sheshatapooshshoish, Skoffie, and Micmac Languages, 1797     
 Dates:  1797 
 Abstract:  This slender volume is the notebook of Thomas Pierronet. This volume contains a range of material on Native American languages and cultures. It contains a comparative vocabulary of Micmac, Montagnais, and Nascapee Indians. It also has a record of prayers and pictographs of the Micmac.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.3.P61s 
 Extent:  1.0 Volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Language Material | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Algonquin language | Eastern Woodlands Indians | Indians of North America--Canada--Languages--Writing | Indians of North America--Languages | Indians of North America--Maritime Provinces | Micmac Indians | Micmac language--Writing | Montagnais language | Naskapi language 
14Author:  Schmick, Joh. Jac. (Johann Jacob), 1714-1778Requires cookie*
 Title:  Miscellanea linguae nationis Indicae Mahikan     
 Dates:  Circa 1753-1767 
 Abstract:  These two bound volumes contain a large dictionary of Mohican. The collection was the gift of John Heckwleder, suggesting that he may have used the books in his missionary efforts.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.3.Sch5 
 Extent:  0.2 Linear feet 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Language Material | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America--Languages | Linguistics | Mahican language | Mahican language--Dictionaries--German | Moravians--Missions 
15Author:  Townsend, John Kirk,1809-1851.Requires cookie*
 Title:  Vocabularies of the Okonagan, Attnaha, and Walla Walla languages, [and] Vocabularies of the languages of Indians inhabiting N.W. America, 1834-1836     
 Dates:  1834-1836 
 Abstract:  This dictionary, compiled during John Kirk Townsend’s travels between 1834 and 1836, contains English translations for some words in Okonagan, Attnaha, and Walla Walla languages.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.3.T66 
 Extent:  2.0 Volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Language Material | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America--Languages | Salishan languages | Walla Walla Indians 
16Author:  AnonymousRequires cookie*
 Title:  Vocabulaire Chacta     
 Dates:  1820 
 Abstract:  This volume contains Choctaw words with French equivalents. Acquired by Peter Du Ponceau in 1827, it is part of the APS's large collection of language materials from the early-nineteenth century.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.3.V852c 
 Extent:  1.0 Volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Language Material 
 Subjects:  Choctaw language--Dictionaries--French 
17Author:  Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus, 1743-1823Requires cookie*
 Title:  Names of various trees, shrubs, and plants in the language of the Lennape [sic], 1840     
 Dates:  1840 
 Abstract:  This volume contains a vocabulary of Indian words for natural items compiled by John Heckewelder .

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 Call #:  Mss.497.3.W85 
 Extent:  1.0 Volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Language Material | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Algonquian languages | Algonquin language | Cheroenhaka Indians | Delaware language | Indians of North America--Languages | Iroquoian languages 
18Author:  AnonymousRequires cookie*
 Title:  Dictionarioum Gallico Outaokum, interceptum Nov. 1771 [1771]     
 Dates:  Circa 1771 
 Abstract:  This dictionary of Native American language dates to 1771 and is from the Great Lakes region, an area often called the pays d’en haut. The dictionary is in French. The collection came to the APS from the Academy of Natural Sciences. It is bound in a rather unique white, soft leather cover.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.33.D564 
 Extent:  1.0 Volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Foreign Language 
19Author:  Sagard, Gabriel.Requires cookie*
 Title:  Dictionnaire de la langue huronne, 1632     
 Dates:  1632 
 Abstract:  This slender manuscript volume contains a transcription of a dictionary of the Huron compiled by Sagard Gabriel in the early 17th century. The document was transcribed and given to Peter DuPonceau in the 19th century for his work on Native American languages. It is in French with an occasional marginalia note in English.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.33.Sa1 
 Extent:  1.0 Volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Language Material | Manuscript Essays | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America--Languages | Missionaries. | Wyandot language 
20Author:  Zeisberger, David, 1721-1808Requires cookie*
 Title:  Onondago-German vocabulary, [n.d.]     
 Dates:  n.d. 
 Abstract:  This bound volume contains an Onondago to German vocabulary compiled by David Zeisberger, a prominent Moravian missionary.

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 Call #:  Mss.497.33.Z3o 
 Extent:  1.0 Volume(s) 
 Topics:  Language and Linguistics | Native America 
 Genre:  Language Material | Native American Materials 
 Subjects:  Indians of North America--Languages | Onondaga language 
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