Resources in Early American History

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1	Author:	Scaliger Family.	Requires cookie*
	Title:	Scaliger family papers, fifteenth-nineteenth centuries
	Dates:	1400-1800
	Abstract:	This large collection contains the family papers of the Scaligers, a prominent French family that eventually immigrated to Philadelphia in the mid-nineteenth century. The collection contains a wealth of information on the history and genealogy of this family. Some of the documents date to the fifteenth century. There is a notable amount of documents from the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries. The portion of the collection from the earlier period is mostly composed of legal documents. The nineteenth century documents are mostly correspondence. All of the documents appear to be in French or Latin. Most of these documents are beyond the scope of the early American guide, but there are some documents from Santo Domingo that relate to the family’s interest in a slave plantation there. View finding aid for a full description
	Call #:	Mss.B.Sca42
	Extent:	1.5 Linear feet
	Topics:	African American \| Beyond Early America \| Marriage and Family Life
	Genre:	Family Correspondence \| Legal Records \| Miscellaneous
	Subjects:	Slaves -- Dominican Republic -- Santo Domingo. \| Slaves, slavery, slave trade

2	Author:	Feinstone, Sol,1888-1980,collector.	Requires cookie*
	Title:	Sol Feinstone Slavery collection, 1773-1888
	Dates:	1773-1888
	Abstract:	The Feinstone Slavery Collection complements the much larger Sol Feinstone Collection of American Revolution. This smaller collection (one box) contains documents pertaining to slavery in the early republic. There are records of sale and emancipation along with some correspondence and other miscellaneous materials. Much of the material is from Virginia. View finding aid for a full description
	Call #:	Mss.326.F33
	Extent:	0.5 Linear feet
	Topics:	African American \| Early National Politics \| Pennsylvania History
	Genre:	Legal Records \| Miscellaneous \| Official Government Documents and Records
	Subjects:	Abolition, emancipation, freedom \| African Americans--History--To 1863 \| Reconstruction \| Slavery -- United States. \| Slaves, slavery, slave trade

3	Author:	Vaux, Roberts,1786-1836.	Requires cookie*
	Title:	Address on the impolicy of slavery, 1824
	Dates:	1824
	Abstract:	This collection contains the text of a speech Robert Vaux, a Philadelphia-area philanthropist, delivered to the Association for the Education of Men of Colour. The speech’s content is aimed at criticizing the institution of slavery and its effects on society. Vaux's speech sometimes applies a comparative historical account of slavery, discussing its practice in Europe, such as in Sicily and during Roman times. More often, he describes the ill-effects of slavery on the economy and general development of slave societies, often drawing comparisons to what life is like in the free states. View finding aid for a full description
	Call #:	Mss.371.974.As7
	Extent:	1.0 Item(s)
	Topics:	African American \| Antebellum Politics
	Genre:	Manuscript Essays
	Subjects:	Abolition, emancipation, freedom \| Slavery -- United States. \| Slaves, slavery, slave trade \| Social conditions, social advocacy, social reform

4	Author:	Society of Friends. Philadelphia Yearly Meeting	Requires cookie*
	Title:	Book of Discipline
	Dates:	1719 (1820)
	Abstract:	This slender volume is an 1820 transcription of the Society of Friends 1719 Discipline Book, which was handed down by Timothy Matlack. The discipline book provides guidance and rules on a range of matters. View finding aid for a full description
	Call #:	Mss.289.6.So1
	Extent:	1.0 Volume(s)
	Topics:	African American \| Native America \| Philadelphia History \| Religion
	Genre:	Miscellaneous
	Subjects:	Indians of North America \| Quakers--Pennsylvania \| Religion, religious organizations \| Slavery -- Pennsylvania. \| Slaves, slavery, slave trade \| Society of Friends -- Doctrines.

5	Author:	Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790	Requires cookie*
	Title:	Benjamin Franklin Papers
	Dates:	1730-1791
	Abstract:	Summary(s) of Collection: The Papers of Benjamin Franklin are a rich source as varied and expansive as Dr. Franklin’s storied life. The Collection has been calendared, catalogued, and much of it is available online at franklinpapers.org and in printed volumes. The APS inventory in MOLE is extraordinarily detailed. The aim of this entry is not to reproduce what is already readily accessible, but to focus on material that is unavailable in printed or online sources. View finding aid for a full description
	Call #:	Mss.B.F85
	Extent:	48.5 Linear feet
	Topics:	American Revolution \| Americans Abroad \| Business and Skilled Trades \| Diplomatic History \| Government Affairs \| International Travel \| Land and Speculation \| Marriage and Family Life \| Military History \| Pennsylvania History \| Printing and Publishing \| Social Life and Custom
	Genre:	Business Records and Accounts \| Diplomatic Material \| Family Correspondence \| General Correspondence \| Manuscript Essays \| Political Correspondence \| Printed Material \| Scientific Correspondence
	Subjects:	Abolition, emancipation, freedom \| Electricity--Early works to 1800 \| Postal service--United States \| Printers--Pennsylvania \| Slaves, slavery, slave trade \| Social conditions, social advocacy, social reform

6	Author:	Harvey, Jacob.	Requires cookie*
	Title:	Jacob Harvey papers,1808-1847
	Dates:	1808-1847
	Abstract:	This is a microfilm of an early American collection that may be of interest to researchers at the APS and may complement an original manuscript collection at the APS. View finding aid for a full description
	Call #:	Mss.Film.1111
	Extent:	3.0 Microfilm reel(s)
	Genre:	Microfilm Collection
	Subjects:	Balloons. \| Depressions -- 1819 -- United States. \| Missouri compromise. \| Quakers. \| Slavery -- United States. \| Slaves, slavery, slave trade \| Voyages and travels.

7	Author:	Vaux, George	Requires cookie*
	Title:	George Vaux papers, 1738-1985
	Dates:	1738-1985
	Abstract:	The George Vaux Papers is a new and massive collection at the APS. The papers are focused on the business and financial interests of this very prominent Philadelphia family. What follows is a list of some of the more notable parts of this expansive collection: - Correspondence: There is a massive amount of correspondence, much of which is personal and familial in nature. Nonetheless, the letters often discuss politics, current affairs, and society. The earliest records date to 1701, although the great bulk are focused on the revolutionary era to the first quarter of the nineteenth century. - Almanacs, 1790-1870: The collection contains a large collection of small pocket almanacs from Philadelphia. Some of the earliest ones contain records of financial transactions and diaries. - Charles Thomson Correspondence: The collection has a series of letters from Charles Thomson, the Secretary of the Continental Congress. These letters are from the 1780s, after Thomson had largely retired from the political arena. - Legal and Estate Documents: This portion of the collection is extensive and difficult to summarize. The family owned a huge amount of property throughout the state. These papers contain deeds, information on rents, surveys of land, and other transactions. Moreover, the Vaux family had ties through marriage and friendship to other prominent families, and some of their estate business is included in this collection. Among the notable papers are documents pertaining to John and Sally Norris Dickinson's properties and the estates of the Emlens and the Sansoms. One document complements the Jane Aitken Collection, as it has an accounting of the Bible that she printed. - Travel Accounts: Most notably, George Vaux VII made a trip to "Indian Country" in 1802-1803. He wrote numerous letters home and kept a small and incomplete travel journal. - Philadelphia City Affairs: The Vaux were active in civic life. The collection contains information on city improvements, with specific letters and records relating to the water supply. The collection has letters that discuss building the Water Works, records of a Committee on the Sewers, and an agreement between the city and Peale's Museum. - Business Affairs: The record of the Vaux's diverse business interests is contained in this collection. In addition to their land holdings, the Vaux's were very active in internal improvements, with records from numerous navigation companies held in the collection. The Vaux's were also involved in mining and mineralogy, including Pennsylvania's oil lands, which is also reflected in the content of this collection. Finally, there are partial records of some prominent Philadelphia institutions, such as the Bank of Pennsylvania and the Philadelphia Contributorship. - Native American Documents - In addition to George Vaux's travels into Indian Country, there are extracts from Indian Treaties and some records of the Friendly Association in this collection. View finding aid for a full description
	Call #:	Mss.Ms.Coll.73
	Extent:	3.5 Linear feet
	Topics:	African American \| American Revolution \| Antebellum Politics \| Early National Politics \| Marriage and Family Life \| Native America \| Pennsylvania History \| Philadelphia History \| Social Life and Custom \| Surveying and Maps \| Travel
	Genre:	Business Records and Accounts \| Family Correspondence \| General Correspondence \| Institutional Records \| Legal Records \| Maps and Surveys
	Subjects:	Abolition, emancipation, freedom \| Genealogy. \| Land speculation \| Mineralogy. \| Quakers -- Missions. \| Seneca Indians \| Slaves, slavery, slave trade \| Social conditions, social advocacy, social reform \| Yellow fever.

8	Author:	Jackson, Isaac	Requires cookie*
	Title:	Isaac Jackson Letterbooks
	Dates:	1839-1843
	Abstract:	This manuscript collection falls outside the geographic scope of the Early American guide (British North America and the United States before 1840). It may be of interest to scholars interested in global history, international relations, imperialism, or the U.S. in the world. View finding aid for a full description
	Call #:	Mss.B.J134
	Extent:	3.0 Volume(s)
	Topics:	Beyond Early America
	Subjects:	Abolition, emancipation, freedom \| Belvidere (Plantation : Jamaica) \| Campbell's Copse (Plantation : Jamaica) \| Flint River (Plantation : Jamaica) \| Freedmen--Jamaica \| Gibraltar Estates (Plantation : Jamaica) \| Labor--Jamaica \| Montpelier (Plantation : Jamaica) \| Paradise (Plantation : Jamaica) \| Plantations \| Plantations--Jamaica \| Slaves, slavery, slave trade \| Sugar--Jamaica

9	Author:	Thistlewood family.	Requires cookie*
	Title:	Thistlewood family papers, 1748-1792
	Dates:	1748-1792
	Abstract:	This is a microfilm of an early American collection that may be of interest to researchers at the APS and may complement an original manuscript collection at the APS. View finding aid for a full description
	Call #:	Mss.Film.1461
	Extent:	16.0 Microfilm reel(s)
	Genre:	Microfilm Collection
	Subjects:	Agriculture -- Jamaica. \| Cattle. \| Culture, community, organizations \| Folklore \| Folklore--Jamaica \| Meteorology -- Jamaica -- Observations. \| Natural history -- Jamaica. \| Plantations \| Plantations -- Jamaica. \| Slaveholders -- Jamaica. \| Slavery -- Jamaica. \| Slaves, slavery, slave trade \| Sugar growing -- Jamaica. \| Traditional medicine -- Jamaica.

10	Author:	Wyck Association.	Requires cookie*
	Title:	Wyck Association Collection
	Dates:	1663-1972
	Abstract:	The Wyck Collection is a massive collection that touches upon a number of early American themes. MOLE contains an extensive inventory of the collection. There are also binders with the collection that contain item level descriptions of the contents. The collection is particularly notable for its family correspondence, business records, and information on the operations of some Philadelphia institutions, such as the Academy of Natural Sciences. View finding aid for a full description
	Call #:	Mss.Ms.Coll.52
	Extent:	151.5 Linear feet
	Topics:	Business and Skilled Trades \| Early National Politics \| Literature, Arts, and Culture \| Marriage and Family Life \| Pennsylvania History \| Philadelphia History \| Science and Technology \| Trade
	Genre:	Business Records and Accounts \| Family Correspondence \| Institutional Records \| Miscellaneous
	Subjects:	Abolition, emancipation, freedom \| Agriculture \| Culture, community, organizations \| Home economics--United States--Accounting \| Horticulture \| Philadelphia (Pa.)--Social life and customs \| Quakers \| Race, race relations, racism \| Reconstruction \| Religion, religious organizations \| Slaves, slavery, slave trade \| Social conditions, social advocacy, social reform \| Social problems.

11	Author:	American Philosophical Society.	Requires cookie*
	Title:	American Philosophical Society Archives
	Dates:	1743-1984
	Abstract:	The APS Archives contain a wide range of material on early American history. MOLE contains a detailed breakdown of its content. View finding aid for a full description
	Call #:	APS.Archives
	Extent:	192.25 Linear feet
	Topics:	African American \| Colonial Politics \| Early National Politics \| Native America \| Natural History \| Pennsylvania History \| Philadelphia History \| Science and Technology
	Genre:	Institutional Records \| Miscellaneous \| Native American Materials \| Scientific Correspondence
	Subjects:	Abolition, emancipation, freedom \| Adena culture--West Virginia \| American Philosophical Society \| Astronomy--18th century \| Aztecs. \| Cherokee Indians \| Choctaw Indians \| Eastern Woodlands Indians \| Education \| History of science and technology. \| Indians of Mexico \| Indians of North America--Kentucky \| Indians of North America--Mississippi \| Indians of North America--Northwest Coast \| Indians of North America--West Virginia \| Mound builders \| Natural History--18th century \| Natural History--19th century \| Plains Indians \| Slaves, slavery, slave trade \| Southeast Indians \| United States History.

12	Author:	Kane, Elisha Kent, 1820-1857	Requires cookie*
	Title:	Elisha Kent Kane Papers
	Dates:	Bulk, 1843-1857
	Abstract:	This large collection contains the papers of Elisha Kent Kane, a prominent Philadelphian who led the U.S. Exploring Expedition. The collection is well-described and inventoried in MOLE. View finding aid for a full description
	Call #:	Mss.B.K132
	Extent:	6.75 Linear feet
	Topics:	Americans Abroad \| Exploration. \| International Travel \| Marriage and Family Life \| Social Life and Custom
	Genre:	Family Correspondence \| General Correspondence \| Travel Narratives and Journals
	Subjects:	Abolition, emancipation, freedom \| Africa \| Arctic Indians \| Arctic regions-Pictorial works \| China--Foreign relations--United States \| Colonization, repatriation \| Exploration \| Explorers--United States \| Geometry--Study and teaching \| Grinnell Expedition, 1st, 1850-1851 \| Grinnell Expedition, 2d, 1853-1855 \| Hospitals--Pennsylvania \| Indians of North America--Nunavut \| Inuit--Canada \| Inuit--Greenland \| Inuit--Nunavut--Baffin Island \| Medicine--Practice--Pennsylvania \| Medicine--Study and teaching--Pennsylvania \| Meteorology--Arctic Regions \| Mineralogy--Study and teaching \| Northwest Passage \| Obstetrics \| Plantations \| Slave trade--Africa \| Slaves, slavery, slave trade \| United States--Foreign relations--China \| United States. Navy

13	Author:	unknown	Requires cookie*
	Title:	Richard Price Papers
	Dates:	1767-1790
	Abstract:	This collection contains a series of letters from Richard Price, a prominent English minister who was also a prominent supporter of the American Revolution. There are several letters that are written in code. Prominent correspondents include Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, Benjamin Chauncy, and Benjamin Rush. Some Price correspondence also discusses his opposition to slavery. The MOLE entry contains a detailed overview and index of the collection. View finding aid for a full description
	Call #:	Mss.B.P93
	Extent:	90.0 items
	Topics:	African American \| American Revolution \| Colonial Politics \| Religion
	Genre:	General Correspondence \| Political Correspondence
	Subjects:	Abolition, emancipation, freedom \| American Philosophical Society \| Bunker Hill, Battle of, 1775 \| Ethics--Great Britain--Early works to 1850 \| France--History--Revolution, 1789-1799 \| Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790 \| Gage, Thomas, 1721-1787 \| Great Britain--Politics and government--1760-1789 \| Harvard College \| Howard, John, 1726-1790 \| Italy--Description and travel--18th century \| Lexington, Battle of, 1775 \| Life expectancy \| Massachusetts--History--Revolution, 1775-1783 \| Pensions--Massachusetts \| Prisons \| Slavery. \| Slaves, slavery, slave trade \| Smith, Adam, 1723-1790 \| Smith, Isaac, 1744-1817 \| Social conditions, social advocacy, social reform \| United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783 \| United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783--Religious aspects \| United States--Politics and government, 1783-1788

14	Author:	Vaughan, Benjamin, 1751-1835	Requires cookie*
	Title:	Benjamin Vaughan Papers
	Dates:	1746-1900
	Abstract:	The Benjamin Vaughan Papers contain an extensive amount of correspondence and other documents. MOLE contains a detailed inventory of its holdings. Vaughan was a prominent figure in the revolutionary Atlantic. This large collection captures the complex and high profile life Benjamin led. He was born in the Caribbean but grew up in London. He became a friend of Franklin and his circle in London in the 1770s. During the War for Independence, he served as an emissary to the peace negotiations between the U.S. and British. He then spent a few years in Switzerland before emigrating to the United States with his wife. They settled in Maine, where Vaughan dabbled in speculation, farming, and other pursuits. His brother John became active in the American Philosophical Society. View finding aid for a full description
	Call #:	Mss.B.V46p
	Extent:	13.25 Linear feet
	Topics:	American Revolution \| Beyond Early America \| Colonial Politics \| Diplomatic History \| Early National Politics \| Land and Speculation \| Science and Technology
	Genre:	Diplomatic Material \| Family Correspondence \| General Correspondence \| Maps and Surveys
	Subjects:	Agriculture \| Animal magnetism. \| Architecture \| Astronomy \| Bowdoin College \| Breeding. \| Diplomacy. \| Diseases \| Dueling. \| Electricity \| Genealogies \| Hallowell (Me.) \| Manufactures \| Medicine \| Mesmerism \| Meteorology \| Notes \| Plantations \| Punctuation \| Religion \| Silk industry. \| Slaves, slavery, slave trade \| Taxation \| Unitarianism \| United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783

15	Author:	Hare, Robert, 1781-1858	Requires cookie*
	Title:	Robert Hare papers, 1764-1858
	Dates:	1764-1858
	Abstract:	The Robert Hare collection is a large, diverse, and rich collection. The collection contains essays, lectures, and letters to and from Robert Hare, the preeminent chemist in the United States during much of the nineteenth century. But as this collection shows, Hare was far more than a chemist. His essays and lectures touch on an array of topics, including discussions of democracy, currency, history, slavery, among others. The APS collection captures the sophistication of Hare’s thought. View finding aid for a full description
	Call #:	Mss.B.H22
	Extent:	3.0 Linear feet
	Topics:	African American \| Antebellum Politics \| Business and Skilled Trades \| Early National Politics \| Education \| Literature, Arts, and Culture
	Genre:	Business Records and Accounts \| Educational Material \| General Correspondence \| Literature \| Manuscript Essays \| Scientific Data \| Sketchbooks \| Travel Narratives and Journals
	Subjects:	Abolition, emancipation, freedom \| American Philosophical Society \| Antislavery movements--Pennsylvania \| Banks and banking -- United States. \| Blasting, Submarine \| Blowpipe. \| Capital punishment. \| Chemical apparatus \| Chemistry \| Chemists--Pennsylvania--Philadelphia \| Cyclones. \| Electricity--19th century \| Epidemics--United States \| Federalist Party--Pennsylvania \| Fire extinction \| Guano \| Mesmerism \| Money \| Paper money--United States--19th century \| Philadelphia (Pa.)--Politics and government--19th century \| Race, race relations, racism \| Railroads \| Religion \| Rome (Italy)--Antiquities \| Science and technology \| Slaughtering and slaughter-houses--United States--19th century \| Slavery -- Pennsylvania. \| Slaves, slavery, slave trade \| Smithsonian Institution \| Spiritualism--Pennsylvania \| Storms \| Tornadoes \| United States--Politics and government--19th Century

16	Author:	Morton, Samuel George, 1799-1851	Requires cookie*
	Title:	Samuel George Morton Papers
	Dates:	1819-1850
	Abstract:	The Samuel George Morton Collection provides a window into the life of this nineteenth century scientist, explorer, and natural historian. The collection holds a wide-range of materials, and the correspondence touches on many different subjects. The entry in MOLE contains an item level accounting of the collection and its contents. The collection begins in the 1820s, when Morton is just beginning his career and continues through to the 1840s. Letters touch on topics, such as the treatment of Native Americans, Indian burial grounds, discoveries of fossilized remains, and medical education. Material on the Wilkes Expedition and especially on Morton’s early medical career is covered in depth. One letter contains a request from General Lafayette for a skull of an Indian for his own scientific collection. Most of the letters are to Morton and contain results of experiments or observations from travel and exploration. Additionally, the Diary to the West Indies form 1834 offers insight into the culture of the islands. Morton’s own involvement in the scientific racism is prominent in much of his later writing. Included in the collection are sketches of his “craniometrical drawings,” which were used by pro-slavery advocates. View finding aid for a full description
	Call #:	Mss.B.M843
	Extent:	2.25 Linear feet
	Topics:	African American \| Exploration. \| International Travel \| Travel
	Genre:	General Correspondence \| Scientific Correspondence \| Travel Narratives and Journals
	Subjects:	Archaeology \| Aymara Indians \| Botany \| Craniology. \| Craniometry \| Eastern Woodlands Indians \| Education \| Egyptology. \| Geology \| Indians of North America--Kentucky \| Indians of North America--Massachusetts \| Indians of North America--Mississippi \| Indians of North America--Ohio \| Indians of North America--Physical characteristics \| Indians of North America--Rhode Island \| Indians of North America--Tennessee \| Indians of South America--Peru \| Indians of South America--Physical characteristics \| Medicine \| Mineralogy \| Miscegenation \| Natural history \| Naumkeag Indians \| Ornithology \| Paleontology \| Pentland, Joseph Barclay \| Phrenology \| Race \| Race, race relations, racism \| Science and technology \| Skull. \| Slavery--Barbados \| Slaves, slavery, slave trade \| Southeast Indians \| United States Exploring Expedition (1838-1842)